Chemistry of the Transactinide Elements

Keller, O.; Seaborg, G.T.

doi:10.1146/annurev.ns.27.120177.001035

Cited by 74 publications

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“…Several chemical systems were tested with the fission products 93 Y, 97 Zr, and 99 Mo, and W isotopes produced in the 20 Ne + 152 Gd reaction [135] at the PSI Philips cyclotron. α-hydroxyisobutyric acid solutions of 5 × 10 −2 M, pH = 2.65 or pH = 5 used to elute W in a rapid, one-stage separation from cation-exchange columns provided a good separation from Hf and Lu.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aqueous-phase chemistry of the transactinides

Kratz¹

2011

Radiochimica Acta

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Rapid automated chemical separations / Liquid-liquid extraction / Ion exchange /Reversed-phase extraction chromatography / α-particle spectroscopy / Relativistic effects Summary. The experimental techniques developed to perform rapid chemical separations of the heaviest elements in the aqueous phase are presented. In general, these include transport of the nuclear reaction products to a separation device by the gas-jet technique and dissolution in an aqueous solution containing inorganic ligands for complex formation. The complexes are chemically characterized by a partition method which can be liquid-liquid extraction, ion-exchangeor reversed-phase extraction chromatography. The separated fractions are quickly evaporated to dryness for the preparation of samples for α-particle spectroscopy. Comments are given on the special situation in which chemistry has to be studied with single atoms. Theoretical predictions of chemical properties are compared to the presently known chemical behaviour of rutherfordium, Rf (element 104), dubnium, Db (element 105), seaborgium, Sg (element 106), and hassium, Hs (element 108) and to that of their lighter homologs in the Periodic Table in order to assess the role of relativistic effects in the chemistry of the heaviest elements.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of the first generation experiments on the chemistry of the early transactinides were summarized by Keller and Seaborg [20], Hulet [21], Keller [22], and Silva [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous-phase chemistry of the transactinides

Kratz¹

2011

Radiochimica Acta

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“…Furthermore, the adsorption range of the activity, which was similar to that for isotopes of hafnium, was interpreted by Zvara et al as being the expected position of eka-tantalum. However, a quite different interpretation is put forth by Keller and Seaberg [7] and also by Hyde, Hoffman, and…”

Section: Previous Chemical Studies {Gas Phase Thermochromatography)mentioning

confidence: 94%

Aqueous Chemistry of Element 105

et al. 1988

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Studies of the aqueous phase chemistry of hahnium (element 105) were performed on 34-s 262Ha produced by the 249Bk(18o,5n) reaction. The reaction products were subjected to various rapid aqueous phase chemical separation procedures. 262Ha was identified by measuring the energy and time .distribution of the alpha particles and fission fragments emitted in its decay.Time-correlated pairs of alpha particles from the decay of 262Ha and its 4.3-s daughter, 258Lr, were also measured. Hahnium was found to adhere to glass surfaces upon fuming with concentrated nitric acid, a property very characteristic of the group 5 elements, niobium and tantalum.In other experiments, the *visiting Miller Research Professor, Berkeley, spring 1987 1 extraction behavior of hahnium from mixed nitric acid I hydrofluoric acid solutions into methyl isobutyl ketone was found to be different from that of tantalum.

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“…The observed position of fission tracks was similar to that of hafnium and was interpreted by Zvara et al as being the expected position of ekatantalum. Quite different interpretations were suggested as well [4,5]. Also, it is not clear whether the SF activity observed was exclusively due to the decay of isotopes of element 105.…”

Section: Previous Chemical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Properties of Element 105 in Aqueous Solution: Halide Complex Formation and Anion Exchange into Triisoctyl Amine

et al. 1989

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Studies of the halide complexation of element 105 in aqueous solution were performed on 34-s 262 Ha produced in the 249 Bk( ls O,5n) reaction. The 262 Ha was detected by measuring the fission and alpha activities associated with its decay and the alpha decays of its daughter, 4.3-s 258 Lr. Time-correlated pairs of parent and daughter alpha particles provided a unique identification of the presence of 262 Ha. About 1600 anion exchange separations of 262 Ha from HCl and mixed HC1/HF solutions were performed on a one-minute time scale. Reversed-phase micro-chromatographic columns incorporating triisooctyl amine (TIOA) on an inert support were used in the computer-controlled liquid chromatography apparatus, ARCA II. -.

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Chemistry of the Transactinide Elements

Cited by 74 publications

References 0 publications

Aqueous-phase chemistry of the transactinides

Aqueous-phase chemistry of the transactinides

Aqueous Chemistry of Element 105

Chemical Properties of Element 105 in Aqueous Solution: Halide Complex Formation and Anion Exchange into Triisoctyl Amine

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