Chemokines and Growth Factors Produced by Lymphocytes in the Incompetent Great Saphenous Vein

Grudzińska, Ewa; Grzegorczyn, Sławomir; Czuba, Zenon

doi:10.1155/2019/7057303

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Tissue hypoxia leads to apoptosis and extracellular changes [ 129 ]. Aging-induced inflammation in veins is associated with elevated cytokine production [ 130 ] and increased MMP activation, which likely play a critical role in the pathogenesis of chronic venous disease [ 131 , 132 ].…”

Section: Chronic Venous Disease — Varicose Veinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The aging venous system: from varicosities to vascular cognitive impairment

et al. 2021

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Aging-induced pathological alterations of the circulatory system play a critical role in morbidity and mortality of older adults. While the importance of cellular and molecular mechanisms of arterial aging for increased cardiovascular risk in older adults is increasingly appreciated, aging processes of veins are much less studied and understood than those of arteries. In this review, age-related cellular and morphological alterations in the venous system are presented. Similarities and dissimilarities between arterial and venous aging are highlighted, and shared molecular mechanisms of arterial and venous aging are considered. The pathogenesis of venous diseases affecting older adults, including varicose veins, chronic venous insufficiency, and deep vein thrombosis, is discussed, and the potential contribution of venous pathologies to the onset of vascular cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases is emphasized. It is our hope that a greater appreciation of the cellular and molecular processes of vascular aging will stimulate further investigation into strategies aimed at preventing or retarding age-related venous pathologies.

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Section: Chronic Venous Disease — Varicose Veinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The aging venous system: from varicosities to vascular cognitive impairment

et al. 2021

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“…Then, after the last washing, the beads are suspended in a buffer for further analysis. Washing was performed using an ELx 50 magnetic washer (BioTek, Shoreline, WA, USA) and quantitative measurements of cytokines were analyzed using the Bio-Plex 200 System controlled by Bio-Plex Manager software (Standard Edition, Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc., Hercules, CA, USA) [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Circulating Cytokines and Body Composition in Frail Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

Korzonek-Szlacheta,

Hudzik,

Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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The burden of cardiovascular disease and the percentage of frail patients in the aging population will increase. This study aims to assess the circulating levels of several cytokines in frail patients. This is an ancillary analysis of the FRAPICA trial. The ratio of men/women changed from robust through frail groups from 3:1 to 1:2. The groups are comparable in terms of age and body measurements analysis (weight, height, and BMI), yet the frail patients have significantly reduced fat-free mass, and more often have been diagnosed with diabetes. Frail patients have higher fibroblast growth factor basic (FGF basic) and follistatin levels (borderline significance). In multiple linear regression modeling of fat-free mass, we identified FGF basic, osteopontin, stem cell factor, soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2, soluble epidermal growth factor receptor, soluble human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, follistatin, prolactin, soluble interleukin 6 receptor alfa, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1, soluble vascular endothelial cell growth factor receptor 1, leptin, soluble angiopoietin/tyrosine kinase 2, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. We have identified a few cytokines that correlate with fat-free mass, a hallmark of frailty. They comprise the kinins implicated in bone and muscle metabolism, fibrosis, vascular wall function, inflammation, endocrine function, or regulation of bone marrow integrity.

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“…The intra-assay %CV varied up to 15%, and the inter-assay %CV varied up to 25%, depending on the analyzed cytokine. The method has been previously used in measuring cytokines in serum and supernatants [16,17].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin as a Biomarker in Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

Żmudka,

Gałeczka-Turkiewicz,

Wroniecka

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is part of the innate immune system and acute-phase protein. Current data state that acute COVID-19 patients have higher levels of serum NGAL (sNGAL), but it is not known if higher protein levels are maintained in the convalescents. As post-COVID complications are currently the most important aspect of the disease, further research into metabolic and immunological consequences of the disease is needed. Methods: We aimed to determine the levels of sNGAL in a patient population 3 months after the acute phase of the disease and to identify the factors that may be related to the elevation of sNGAL levels in the mentioned cohort. The study included 146 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in different stages of the disease. Three months after COVID-19 diagnosis, patients’ sera were sampled and tested. Results: We demonstrate an association between the severity of the disease in the acute phase and elevated sNGAL levels three months after recovery, with the exception of the most severe hospitalized patients, who received early treatment. Moreover, we establish that sNGAL levels could be associated with prolonged dyspnea and the regulation of hunger and satiety in COVID-19 convalescents. Conclusions: These observations support the view that the introduction of antiviral treatment, steroids, and intense oxygen therapy reduces post-COVID immune-associated complications.

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Chemokines and Growth Factors Produced by Lymphocytes in the Incompetent Great Saphenous Vein

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

The aging venous system: from varicosities to vascular cognitive impairment

The aging venous system: from varicosities to vascular cognitive impairment

The Association between Circulating Cytokines and Body Composition in Frail Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin as a Biomarker in Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

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