Chemometric-Assisted Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatographic Method for the Determination of Gadolinium-Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent in Liposomes

Abstract

Gadodiamide (Gd-DTPA-BMA) is a gadolinium (Gd) chelate composed of two carboxylate groups of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) and two amide groups (BMA). Gd complexes are the most widely used contrast agents in nuclear magnetic resonance. Furthermore, our research group has demonstrated the potential of liposomes containing Gd-DTPA-BMA for cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a chemometric-assisted method by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) for determination of Gd-DTPA-BMA in liposomes. The chromatographic conditions obtained were: Sequant® ZIC®-HILIC Merck (150 × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm, 100 Å) column, mobile phase composed of 5 mmol L-1 ACN/NH 4 FA, pH 4.5 (60:40 v/v) at 0.6 mL min-1 , injection volume of 20 μL, temperature of 30 °C, and detection at 210 nm. The linear range was of 40 to 120 nmol mL-1. The use of chemometrics allowed obtaining optimal chromatographic parameters, in terms of signal-to-noise ratio, resolution, and asymmetry.

Developing and downscaling a method by HILIC coupled simultaneously to ESIMS and ICPMS to determine the affinity of lanthanide chelating molecules using specific isotope dilution

“…In this study, the HILIC conditions have been set up to separate new sets of Ln complexes formed with hydrophilic synthetic chelating molecules, thanks to an amide functionalized stationary phase. Regarding the studies of Ln species, numerous studies have reported the analysis of Gd-based contrast agents containing DTPA and linear/cyclic polyaminocarboxylic acid derivatives such as BT-DO3A, DOTA, BMA and BOPTA, by HILIC-ESIMS 20 and/or HILIC-ICPMS in blood plasma and urine samples, 21–23 waters 23–29 and plants. 30 Most of these studies involved zwitterionic-grafted and unmodified silica columns and the separations were generally run in conventional chromatographic format (100–150 mm × 2–3 mm; 2.6–5 µm).…”

“…In the rst step, the best HILIC separation conditions of the nat Sm and nat Nd complexes formed with the three molecules were dened. To our knowledge, only HILIC separations of gadolinium complexes containing contrast agents based on linear/cyclic polyaminocarboxylic acid derivatives are reported in the literature [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and our group has also developed the separation of Ln complexes formed with DTPA and EDTA ligands. 13,31 However, the separation mechanism of HILIC mode is known to be very complex, 32 which required developments in order to separate these new sets of complexes.…”

Ferri–Liposomes: Preformulation and Selective Cytotoxicity against A549 Lung Cancer Cells

“…IONPs-loaded stealth liposomes (SL-IONPs-Ac) were prepared by the reverse phase evaporation technique following procedures previously developed by our research group [ 21 ]. A fresh formulation was prepared for each independent experiment to avoid stability-related errors during the experiments.…”