Chemomodulatory effect Melastoma Malabathricum Linn against chemically induced renal carcinogenesis rats via attenuation of inflammation, oxidative stress, and early markers of tumor expansion

Abstract

Melastoma malabathricum Linn (MM) has high valued for its commercial significance. Indian market (northeast) has great demand for the plants, which extended, its use as a traditional home remedy due to its anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we scrutinize the therapeutic and protective effect of MM against diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA)-induced renal carcinogenesis, renal hyperproliferation, and oxidative stress in rats. Liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) was used for identification of phytoconstituents. Administration of DEN confirmed the initiation the renal carcinogenesis via enhancing the expansion of tumor incidence. Intraperitoneally, administration of Fe-NTA boost the antioxidant enzymes (phase I), viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and phase II, viz., quinone reductase (QR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). It also increased the content of renal lipid peroxidation (LPO), hydrogen peroxidase (HO) with decrease content in glutathione content (GSH). It also increased the renal biochemical and non-biochemical parameter. It also confirmed the augment the level of thymidine [3H] incorporation into renal DNA, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and increased the generation of proinflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-β) and inflammatory mediator (PGE). We also analyzed the macroscopic and histologic of renal tissue. In addition, the effect of phytoconstituent of MM extract was evaluated in silico and free radical scavenging activity against the DPPH and ABTS free radicals. LC-MS confirmed the presence of quercetin >gallic acid in MM extract. Renal carcinogenesis rats treated with MM (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg) confirmed the significantly (P < 0.001) protective effect via reduction the antioxidant (phase I and phase II) enzymes, biochemical parameter and restore the proinflammatory and inflammatory mediator at dose dependent manner. MM altered the ODC and thymidine activity in renal DNA. The chemoprotective effect of MM was confirmed via decreased the renal tumor incidence, which was confirmed by the macroscopic and histopathological observation. Consequently, our result suggests that MM is a potent chemoprotective agent and suppresses DEN+ Fe-NTA-induced renal carcinogenesis, inflammatory reaction, and oxidative stress injury in Wister rats.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Melastoma malabathricum Linn attenuates complete freund’s adjuvant-induced chronic inflammation in Wistar rats via inflammation response

“…MM plant has been utilized in the treatment of inflammation and rheumatism by the local people in Dibrugarh district, Assam. The plant is rich source of different chemical constituents such as α-amyrin, patriscabatine and auranamide [13], kaempferol-3-O-(2”,6”-di-O-p-trans-coumaroyl)glucoside, quercitrin, Mefloquine, (+) 3,4-Dehydroproline amide, 2-(3,5-Diphenyl-pyrazol-1-yl) benzothiazole, Kaempferol, Kaempferol-3-O-(2”, 6”-di-O-p-trans-coumaroyl)-β-glucopyranoside [14, 52]. …”

Amelioration of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis in animal modelsviaknockdown oxidative stress and proinflammatory markers byMadhuca longifoliaembedded silver nanoparticles

“…Another proinammatory cytokine, TNF-a which is considered as an NFkB activator, produced during the inammatory response, assumes a noteworthy part in inammation and is termed as a cell multiplication accelerator. 43 Our results demonstrated the lower content of TNF-a in DEN-induced hepatic cancer Wistar rats, which was downregulated by MLAgNPs, affirming the improved level of TNF-a close to the level in the control group rats. Advanced investigation for the affirmation of the mode of action need broad research to be undertaken by the researcher to build up knowledge of the mechanism.…”

Protective effects of purple carrot extract (Daucus carota) against rat tongue carcinogenesis induced by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide

“…Redox homeostasis is a complex endogenous antioxidant defense system, comprised by endogenous antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and non-enzymatic compounds like glutathione, proteins and others [53]. The overproduction of ROS metabolites during oxidative stress can inhibit the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD-Mn and SOD-CuZn [54]. Since antioxidant agents can protect cells from the harmful effects promoted by reactive oxygen species, they have been extensively investigated [55].…”