Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by Dietary Polyphenols

Mocanu, Maria-Magdalena; Nagy, Péter; Szöllősi, János

doi:10.3390/molecules201219864

Cited by 103 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 279 publications

(369 reference statements)

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“…Also in agreement with the observation that genes involved in mitosis and cell cycle are induced by GSGME is that several genes encoding histone proteins, which play a role for nucleosome assembly and thus affect chromatin structure, were up-regulated by GSGME. Although it is difficult to estimate the precise biological implication of an up-regulation of genes involved in mitosis or cell cycle regulation by GSGME in the context of early-lactating dairy cows, this effect might be explained, at least in part, by the well-described effects of different polyphenolic compounds contained in GSGME on cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, effects that are made responsible for the anti-cancer activities of many polyphenols [77]. For instance, quercetin [78], curcurmin [79], ellagic acid [80], epigallocatechin-3-gallate [81] and resveratrol [82] were found to induce the critical cell cycle regulator p53 and, subsequently, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in different cancer cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of hepatic transcript profile and plasma lipid profile in early lactating dairy cows fed grape seed and grape marc meal extract

Geßner

Winkler²,

Koch

et al. 2017

BMC Genomics

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BackgroundIt was recently reported that dairy cows fed a polyphenol-rich grape seed and grape marc meal extract (GSGME) during the transition period had an increased milk yield, but the underlying reasons remained unclear. As polyphenols exert a broad spectrum of metabolic effects, we hypothesized that feeding of GSGME influences metabolic pathways in the liver which could account for the positive effects of GSGME in dairy cows. In order to identify these pathways, we performed genome-wide transcript profiling in the liver and lipid profiling in plasma of dairy cows fed GSGME during the transition period at 1 week postpartum.ResultsTranscriptomic analysis of the liver revealed 207 differentially expressed transcripts, from which 156 were up- and 51 were down-regulated, between cows fed GSGME and control cows. Gene set enrichment analysis of the 155 up-regulated mRNAs showed that the most enriched gene ontology (GO) biological process terms were dealing with cell cycle regulation and the most enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were p53 signaling and cell cycle. Functional analysis of the 43 down-regulated mRNAs revealed that a great part of these genes are involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced unfolded protein response (UPR) and inflammatory processes. Accordingly, protein folding, response to unfolded protein, unfolded protein binding, chemokine activity and heat shock protein binding were identified as one of the most enriched GO biological process and molecular function terms assigned to the down-regulated genes. In line with the transcriptomics data the plasma concentrations of the acute phase proteins serum amyloid A (SAA) and haptoglobin were reduced in cows fed GSGME compared to control cows. Lipidomic analysis of plasma revealed no differences in the concentrations of individual species of major and minor lipid classes between cows fed GSGME and control cows.ConclusionsAnalysis of hepatic transcript profile in cows fed GSGME during the transition period at 1 week postpartum indicates that polyphenol-rich feed components are able to inhibit ER stress-induced UPR and inflammatory processes, both of which are considered to contribute to liver-associated diseases and to impair milk performance in dairy cows, in the liver of dairy cows during early lactation.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3638-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of hepatic transcript profile and plasma lipid profile in early lactating dairy cows fed grape seed and grape marc meal extract

Geßner

Winkler²,

Koch

et al. 2017

BMC Genomics

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“…17 Numerous studies have evaluated the antioxidant activity and beneficial biological effects of propolis. 2,8,9,13,16 Propolis shows antioxidant properties because of its free radical scavenging capacity, which aroused the need of conducting further researches about them in many areas.…”

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“…12 Since these compounds are secondary plant metabolites, they cannot be synthesized by humans and so they are forming a significant part of human diet. 13 Flavonoids display their biological activities by bonding heavy metal ions and biological polymers, by catalyzing electron transport and scavenging free radicals. 13,14 Recent studies have showed that flavonoids protect DNA and other components of the cell from oxidative damage.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…13 Flavonoids display their biological activities by bonding heavy metal ions and biological polymers, by catalyzing electron transport and scavenging free radicals. 13,14 Recent studies have showed that flavonoids protect DNA and other components of the cell from oxidative damage. 10,15,16 Free radicals are defined as atoms or groups of atoms that includes an unpaired electrons.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Antioxidant Properties and Protective Effect of Turkish Propolis on t-BHP-Induced Oxidative Stress in Foreskin Fibroblast Cells

Mısır¹,

Aliyazıcıoğlu²,

Demir³

et al. 2018

IJPER

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Objective: Propolis is an important bee product, rich in polyphenolic compounds. It has antitumoral, antioxidant, antimutagenic, and other useful activities. Biological activities of propolis are generally attributed to its substance of polyphenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro antioxidant properties and reduction amount of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human normal foreskin fibroblast cells by Turkish propolis ethanolic extract (EEP). Method: Total phenolic and flavonoid contents, reducing power, radical scavenging capacity, and iron chelating activity of EEP were determined using spectrophotometric methods. Intracellular ROS levels were determined by spectrofluorometric analysis with CM-H 2 DCFDA. Results: Our results indicated that antioxidant activity was correlated with the higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents of EEP. The generated ROS levels were significantly decreased by EEP compared to only t-BHP group. Conclusion: Ethanolic propolis extract may be evaluated as a potency antioxidant resource and/or a novel natural agent in food and drug industries.

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“…20,21 Moreover, a large body of literature is available on the efficacy of flavonoids with regard to chemoprevention and chemotherapy. 20,[22][23][24] High cost, toxic nature and rapid development of resistance have become synonymous with conventional cancer treatment. 25,26 As such, there is an overwhelming need to invest in research that aims to identify new lead compounds that may address these challenges.…”

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confidence: 99%

Preliminary Screening of Crude Extracts of Fagaropsis Angolensis for Anticancer Activity

Yiaile¹,

Mbaria²,

Ole-Mapenay³

et al. 2018

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Background: The use of conventional cancer medication is limited by cytotoxicity on normal cells, intolerability of the drugs used and emergence of aggressive tumors which do not respond to treatment. Herbal alternatives are now being touted to be of promising efficacy. Fagaropsis angolensis (FA) has wide ranging ethno medicinal uses in Kenya. However, the anticancer potential of this plant is yet to be fully explored. The present study aims to determine the antiproliferative activity of crude extracts of Fagaropsis angolensis (FA) against African monkey kidney (Vero, E6), throat cancer (Hep2) and colon cancer (CT 26-CL 25) cell lines. Methods: Water and methanol extracts of FA were qualitatively screened to determine their phytochemical composition. In vitro growth inhibition capacity of these extracts on African monkey kidney (Vero, E6), throat cancer (HeP2) and colon cancer (CT-26-CL-25) cell lines was then assessed using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium assay and expressed as 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ). Doxorubicin (standard anticancer agent) was used for comparison. Results: On Vero cell lines, statistical differences (p<0.05) were noted in the IC 50 values of methanol whole root and methanol root stem extracts of FA (5.80+/-0.80μg/ml) against 1.10+/-0.70μg/ml) as well as between Doxorubicin and methanol root stem extracts of FA (6.5+/-3.25 μg/ml against 1.10+/-0.70μg/ml). On colon cancer cell lines, statistical differences (p<0.05) were noted between the IC 50 values of Doxorubicin and the methanol root stem extract of FA (19.00+/-9.00ug/ml against 8.33+/-1.42μg/ml) as well as between Doxorubicin and methanol whole root extract of FA (19.00+/-9.00μg/ml against 5.25+/-0.35μg/ml). The effects of the extracts of FA on throat cancer cell lines were unremarkable. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the choice of solvent may have some effect on the IC 50 values of the extracts on cancer cell lines. It may also be suggested that the methanol root stem and whole root extracts of FA may be sources of important lead molecules that may be useful in the treatment of colon cancer. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the methanol root stem and whole root extracts of FA may be sources of important lead molecules in cancer therapy. 3,4,5 However, therapy induced toxicity on normal body cells, the emergence of aggressive and therapy resistant tumors, as well as low selectivity indices of some chemotherapeutic agents has limited the efficacy of current conventional therapy. 4,6,7 Therefore, there is a need to search for new sources of bioactive compounds that may serve as starting material in the drug development process. Fagaropsis angolensis is a tree that belongs to the Rutacea family.8 In Kenya, the stem bark is used in ethno medical treatment of malaria while the root is chewed as an expectorant.9,10 The antiproliferative activity of this plant is yet to be reported. The present study was conducted to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of Fagaropsis angolens...

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Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by Dietary Polyphenols

Cited by 103 publications

References 279 publications

Analysis of hepatic transcript profile and plasma lipid profile in early lactating dairy cows fed grape seed and grape marc meal extract

Analysis of hepatic transcript profile and plasma lipid profile in early lactating dairy cows fed grape seed and grape marc meal extract

Antioxidant Properties and Protective Effect of Turkish Propolis on t-BHP-Induced Oxidative Stress in Foreskin Fibroblast Cells

Preliminary Screening of Crude Extracts of Fagaropsis Angolensis for Anticancer Activity

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