Chemoprevention of Cancer

Abstract

Overview The field of cancer chemoprevention is underpinned by two phenomena of neoplasia: field carcinogenesis and multistep carcinogenesis. Accurate cancer risk models are critical to chemoprevention, and may accelerate drug development in this setting. The Food and Drug Administration has approved several chemoprevention agents. This article describes cancer risk modeling and phase II/III chemoprevention clinical trials focused on the four major cancer sites in Western populations (lung, colon and rectum, prostate, and breast), as well as broader, site‐agnostic chemoprevention studies. Immunoprevention strategies, including vaccines, are highlighted.