Chemoradiotherapy vs radiotherapy for nonoperative early stage esophageal cancer: A seer data analysis

Abstract

Background The benefit of endoscopic treatment (ET) and esophagectomy for early esophageal cancer (EC) has been sufficiently recognized. Radiotherapy (RT) is the main treatment modality for patients who do not undergo surgery. The effectiveness of adding chemotherapy (CT) to RT remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and RT alone on overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) in early EC patients not undergoing surgery. Methods Data collected between 2004 and 2015 were obtained from the national Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. All the samples were randomly grouped into the training cohort or the verification cohort. The training cohort was split into subgroups by stage, age, and histology. Stage was based on the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 6th edition published in 2004. The Kaplan‐Meier method and Cox proportional hazards modeling were used to compare OS and CSS. The performance of the nomogram was measured by a concordance index (C‐index) and the calibration curve. Results Data for a total of 5332 patients were obtained from the SEER database. A total of 3736 patients (stage I: n = 1277; stage IIA: n = 1484; stage IIB: n = 975) were used for the training cohort. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, sex, histology, grade, therapy, reasons for no surgery, and year of diagnosis were independent predictors of OS. The survival curve of patients treated with CRT showed a significant survival benefit compared to that in patients treated by RT alone in stage I, stage IIA, and stage IIB. CRT was also found to be related to better survival than RT in patients at a younger age (<65) and an older age (≥65) with squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma. Conclusions Compared with RT, CRT results in better OS and CSS in early EC patients who do not undergo surgery.

Real-world experience with anti–programmed cell death protein 1 immunotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer: A retrospective single-center study

“…A study by Yutong He et al also believed that the female has a better prognosis than the male (25). In another retrospective study by Jiaxin Li et al on prognosis analysis of nonsurgical early stage EPC chemoradiotherapy, in a total of 3,736 patients included, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the age, gender, treatment, and cause of surgery are independent predictors of OS (26). In our study, we did not find a significant correlation between the age and gender of patients with EPC with the PFS of the patients in immunotherapy.…”

Development and validation of a nomogram to predict cardiac death after radiotherapy for esophageal cancer

“…Cardiotoxicity and mortality are more prevalent in individuals over the age of 65 [ 19 ]. In EC patients treated with radiotherapy, age is an individual predictor of overall survival [ 29 , 30 ].…”