Chemotactic Function in the Human Neonate: Humoral and Cellular Aspects

Miller, Michael E.

doi:10.1203/00006450-197109000-00007

Cited by 190 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Neutrophil chemotaxis is less efficient than that of adult neutrophils under a variety of conditions (10)(11)(12)(13). Although granulocytes from healthy neonates ingest and kill bacteria about as well as those from adults under optimal conditions (14-16), when conditions are suboptimal (e.g., limiting concentrations of opsonin) or if neutrophils are obtained from sick neonates, neonatal neutrophils ingest bacteria less avidly than do adult neutrophils (reviewed in 8,17).…”

Section: Myristate Acetate [Blood Mononuclear Cells (Mc) and T Lymphomentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Production by Human Neonatal Blood Mononuclear Cells and T Cells

et al. 1992

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Section: Myristate Acetate [Blood Mononuclear Cells (Mc) and T Lymphomentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Production by Human Neonatal Blood Mononuclear Cells and T Cells

et al. 1992

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“…Inasmuch as healthy and stressed neonatal PMNs are both deficient in their ability to protect neonatal rats, it is unlikely that the subtle bactericidal defect observed in vitro in stressed PMNs contributes to this phenomenon. Both healthy and term neonatal PMNs have defective chemotactic activity (13,16) which would partially explain the abnormality observed. Of interest is the fact that diabetic individuals who have an increased incidence of group B streptococcal infections (4,8) also have defects in PMN chemotactic activity (1 1, 12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to investigating adult humoral and cellular factors in the immune response to group B streptococci, we also evaluated PMNs from stressed human neonates because we and others have previously detected metabolic, chemotactic, and bactericidal defects in these cells (13,16,19). The data in Figure 1 is a comparison between the protection provided by adult and neonatal PMNs in newborn rats infected with a different strain of type 111 group B streptococci.…”

Section: Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Function Results -Gbs Alone 11830mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Leukocyte Administration in Protection against Experimental Neonatal Infection

1980

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SummaryStudies have shown that human neonates who develop group B streptococcal sepsis usually lack opsonic antibody (Ab) to their infecting strain and that these neonates may also have impaired polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) function. The present study was designed to determine the efficacy of administration of PMNs or opsonic Ab-contPining serum in protecting against group B streptococcal infection in a newborn rat model. After intraperitw neal (IP) injection of -5 x 106 streptococci, animals received separate IP injections of saline, serum lacking opsonic antibody (Ab negative), Ab positive serum or washed adult human PMNs (2 x 106). The mortality rate in 55 neonatal rats infected with group B streptococci who received saline or Ab negative serum was 91%. In contrast, 40 animals who received adult human PMNs at the time of inoculation had a survival rate of ! N% (P < 0.001).Human serum containing opsonic antibody also provided significant protection against mortality in this model (survival rate 51%, P < 0.001). Leukocvtes from normal term neonates. stressedbemates, or ones pietreated with cytochalasin B offered less protection than did functional adult human cell (P < 0.001). SpeculationThis study provides evidence for polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) dysfunction as another risk factor in group B streptococcal disease and suggests that fully functional PMNs are required for protection. Furthermore, this model involving the administration of human PMNs to an animal appears to have the potential for the in viw evaluation of PMN function in neonates and other compromised hosts. (2) have demonstrated the absolute requirement of specific antibody for significant opsonization of group B streptococci. In previous studies, we have shown that human neonates who develop group B streptococcal sepsis usually lack opsonic antibody to their infecting strains (10) and that these neonates may also have impaired polymorphonuclear leukocyte function (19). Inasmuch as opsonization and phagocytosis represent the most important host defense mechanisms in clearing the body of these bacteria, the present study was designed to determine the effects of passively supplying functional human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) or serum containing opsonic antibody in protecting against group B streptococcal infection in a newborn rat model. METHODS PREPARATION OF ORGANISMSGroup B streptococci type I11 were isolated from the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of infected infants. The strains were cultured at 37°C in Todd-Hewitt broth (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, MI), washed and concentrated in phosphate-buffered saline by centrifugation to contain 5.0 X 10' to 1.0 X lo9 colony-forming units per ml, as previously described (10, 17). NEONATAL RAT INFECTIONSSprague-Dawley outbred pregnant female rats (Holtzman) were obtained one wk before delivery. When tested, maternal rat serum did not appear to contain signif~cant opsonic activity against most of the strains we used. The neonatal progeny less than 24 hr-old were randomly assigned to gro...

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“…For instance, a n important problem in neonatology practice involves the very high incidence of nosocomial infections in extremely preterm infants (18). The basis for this defective antibacterial defense appears to involve a relatively small neutrophil reserve per kilogram of body weight (19,20), a significant limitation in up-regulating neutrophil production during bacterial infection (2 I), and relatively poor neutrophil adherence, chemotaxis, and superoxide generation (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). Effective and safe methods of improving neutrophil production and function in preterm neonates would be of interest as potential means of decreasing the incidence or severity of infections.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Recombinant Stem Cell Factor on Clonogenic Maturation and Cycle Status of Human Fetal Hematopoietic Progenitors

Schibler

Ohls

et al. 1994

Pediatr Res

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Chemotactic Function in the Human Neonate: Humoral and Cellular Aspects

Cited by 190 publications

References 18 publications

Decreased Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Production by Human Neonatal Blood Mononuclear Cells and T Cells

Decreased Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Production by Human Neonatal Blood Mononuclear Cells and T Cells

Functional Leukocyte Administration in Protection against Experimental Neonatal Infection

Effect of Recombinant Stem Cell Factor on Clonogenic Maturation and Cycle Status of Human Fetal Hematopoietic Progenitors

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