Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) Seed Germination: a Brief Review

Salgado, Vanessa Dos Santos Chiappetta Nogueira; Zago, Lília; Antunes, Adriane Elisabete Costa; Miyahira, Roberta Fontanive

doi:10.1007/s11130-022-01011-z

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The second major component of millet is protein. The amino acid profile of pearl millet is better than that of sorghum and maize, and is comparable to that of wheat, barley and rice, and lysine is the first limited amino acid in millet cultivars [66]. Among millets, finger millet is relatively better balanced in essential amino acids because it contains more lysine, threonine and valine.…”

Section: Milletmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Role of Ancient Grains in Alleviating Hunger and Malnutrition

Majzoobi

Jafarzadeh

Teimouri

et al. 2023

Foods

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Meeting the United Nation’s sustainable development goals for zero hunger becomes increasingly challenging with respect to climate change and political and economic challenges. An effective strategy to alleviate hunger and its severe implications is to produce affordable, nutrient-dense, and sustainable food products. Ancient grains were long-forgotten due to the dominance of modern grains, but recently, they have been rediscovered as highly nutritious, healthy and resilient grains for solving the nutrition demand and food supply chain problems. This review article aims to critically examine the progress in this emerging field and discusses the potential roles of ancient grains in the fight against hunger. We provide a comparative analysis of different ancient grains with their modern varieties in terms of their physicochemical properties, nutritional profiles, health benefits and sustainability. A future perspective is then introduced to highlight the existing challenges of using ancient grains to help eradicate world hunger. This review is expected to guide decision-makers across different disciplines, such as food, nutrition and agronomy, and policymakers in taking sustainable actions against malnutrition and hunger.

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Section: Milletmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Role of Ancient Grains in Alleviating Hunger and Malnutrition

Majzoobi

Jafarzadeh

Teimouri

et al. 2023

Foods

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“…Simultaneously, they possess the ability to mitigate inflammation, a process that has the potential to inflict harm on cells. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated by [45] that they possess the capability to facilitate the repair of DNA damage. The consumption of chia seeds has the potential to enhance blood circulation to the testes, hence potentially contributing to the enhancement of sperm production [46].…”

Section: The Phenolic Compounds Of Salvia Hispanica Seeds Powder (Chia)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Salvia hispanica as a Therapeutic Agent against Sodium Arsenic-Induced Testicular Toxicity in a Male Rats Model

Omar,

Zahran,

Alhotan

et al. 2024

Life

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Chia seeds offer therapeutic properties that aid in the prevention of a variety of ailments, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and other risk factors. Arsenite, a common environmental chemical, has been identified as a reproductive toxin owing to its negative effects on male reproductive health. It has been shown to inhibit spermatogenesis and generate androgenic effects in men. The primary goal of this research was to look into the effect of Salvia hispanica on testicular toxicity caused by sodium arsenite in male rats. A set of 36 male albino rats was allocated to a negative control cohort. The individuals in this group were given a basic meal and orally given distilled water for a duration of 28 days. The other five groups were given a regular meal and received intra-peritoneal injections of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) at a concentration of 4 mg/kg body weight that was diluted in a 0.9% NaCl solution. The injections were administered consecutively, with two doses given within a two-day period. Subsequently, the rats were categorized into several groups using the following classification: Group 2 consisted of a positive control cohort, in which the rats were given a typical baseline diet. Groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 were given a basic diet that included varying proportions of ground chia seeds, namely 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% per 100 g of the diet. After the trial was completed, the rats were euthanized, and further biological examination was conducted. The measurements of the reproductive organs were documented and reported. The research assessed the following characteristics: sperm count, motility, progressive motility, and normal morphology. The research included examining serum sex hormones, namely luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone. An evaluation of the activity of antioxidant enzymes was performed in the tissue of the testicles. There were statistically significant improvements in the sperm parameters, serum sex hormone levels, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as GPX, SOD, and CAT, in the therapy groups. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) exhibited a noteworthy decrease (p ≤ 0.05) when compared to the positive control group. Salvia hispanica seeds have demonstrated a significant level of effectiveness in reducing sodium arsenite-induced testicular toxicity, which leads to the conclusion. The flavonoid content and antioxidant properties of Salvia hispanica seeds may be to blame for the observed behavior. These indicated characteristics may have therapeutic significance in treating testicular harm induced by arsenite exposure.

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“…The improvement in the antihypertensive potential of germinated chia seeds is due to the increase in the total content of phenolic compounds and GABA (Salgado et al, 2022). The improvement in IC 50 values during extrusion could be due to the release and formation of bioactive compounds (phenolic compounds, Maillard reaction products) with antihypertensive potential.…”

Section: Antihypertensive Potential Of Phenolic Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CHIA SEED GERMINATION AND EXTRUSION TO INCREASE NUTRITIONAL VALUE, PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS, GABA, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, AND in vitro ANTIHYPERTENSIVE POTENTIAL

Madrigales-Reátiga,

Castro-Montoya,

Reyes-Moreno

et al. 2024

agro

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A functional ingredient derived from extruded, germinated chia seeds would be an excellent substitute to improve the nutritional and nutraceutical quality of widely consumed foods in Mexico. The aim of this study was to create a functional ingredient with outstanding nutritional and nutraceutical value and microbiological safety by processing chia seeds using a combined germination and extrusion process under optimal conditions. The implementation of optimized germination and extrusion techniques was hypothesized to boost the nutritional value, phenolic compounds, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), antioxidant activity, in vitro antihypertensive potential, and microbiological stability of the functional flour obtained from chia seeds. Germinated chia flour (GCF) was produced under optimized germination conditions (21 °C for 157 h). To determine the optimal conditions for GCF extrusion, the response surface methodology was used. A central composite rotatable design was applied with two factors [extrusion temperature (ET, 50–160 °C) and screw velocity (SV, 50–240 rpm)] and five levels. Total phenolic compounds (TPC), antioxidant activity (AoxA), and in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) were selected as response variables. The best combination of extrusion process variables to produce extruded germinated chia flour (EGCF) with maximum TPC, AoxA, and IVPD values was ET = 147 °C and SV = 170 rpm. EGCF had higher protein content (88 %), total dietary fiber (13 %), phenolic compounds (57 %), GABA (933 %), and antioxidant activity (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS), 110 %; 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 114 %) than raw chia flour (RCF). Regarding in vitro antihypertensive potential, germinated-extruded chia flour presented the best IC50 value. The main findings of this research show that extrusion processing applied in combination with germination is a promising strategy for increasing the nutritional value, bioactive compound content, antioxidant and antihypertensive potential, and microbiological stability of functional flours obtained from pseudocereal seeds.

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Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) Seed Germination: a Brief Review

Cited by 12 publications

References 58 publications

The Role of Ancient Grains in Alleviating Hunger and Malnutrition

The Role of Ancient Grains in Alleviating Hunger and Malnutrition

Evaluation of Salvia hispanica as a Therapeutic Agent against Sodium Arsenic-Induced Testicular Toxicity in a Male Rats Model

CHIA SEED GERMINATION AND EXTRUSION TO INCREASE NUTRITIONAL VALUE, PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS, GABA, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, AND in vitro ANTIHYPERTENSIVE POTENTIAL

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