Chicken genome: Current status and future opportunities

Burt, David W.

doi:10.1101/gr.4141805

Cited by 145 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…clave fue el bajo contenido de DNA repetitivo, que es de solo 11 %, comparado con lo encontrado en el genoma de los mamíferos (~50 %) (Dequéant y Pourquié, 2005;Burt, 2005;Burt et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Síndrome de hipertensión pulmonar ¿un origen genético en pollos de engorde?

2011

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Titulo en ingles: Pulmonary hypertension syndrome ¿does it have a genetic origin in broiler chickens?RESUMEN: La identificación de por lo menos el 83 % de polimorfismos de nucleótido simple de tipo no sinónimo en líneas comerciales de alto rendimiento como el pollo para asadero, ponedoras y gallinas de plumaje sedoso, proporcionan información acerca de la tasa de variación en la secuencia de nucleótidos del genoma del pollo, la cual ocurre cada 5 x 10-3 nucleótidos. Es importante encontrar asociaciones entre dichas variantes con características fenotípicas de interés como la susceptibilidad o la resistencia a enfermedades y tal es el caso de la hipertensión arterial pulmonar, síndrome ampliamente reconocido en pollos de engorde, que ocasiona hasta un 30 % de la mortalidad en líneas comerciales de rápido crecimiento. Un paso hacia la identificación de estas asociaciones es el empleo tanto de herramientas moleculares como de modelos estadísticos que permitan obtener en corto tiempo los resultados necesarios para iniciar un plan adecuado de selección y mejoramientoEl presente documento describe la metodología de secuenciación del genoma del pollo doméstico, el uso de técnicas de identificación de polimorfismos de genes candidatos en pollos comerciales susceptibles al Síndrome de Hipertensión Pulmonar y las implicaciones actuales generadas por la implementación de técnicas de genética molecular en busca de un mayor conocimiento del genoma de las especies domésticas nativasPalabras clave: marcadores genéticos, SNPs, whole-genome shotgun, Gallus gallus, epidemiología genética, regresión logísticaABSTRACT: At least 83 % of non-synonimous polymorphisms which are of the simple nucleotide type have been identified in high performance commercial birds, such as Broiler, Layer and Silkie. This has allowed the collection of information about the variation rate in the nucleotide sequence in the chicken genome. The abovementioned variation occurs at 5 x 10-3 intervals in the nucleotide chain. It is important to look for associations among those variations, related to key phenotype characters, such as disease resistance or susceptibility. An example is the pulmonary arterial hypertension in meat-type broilers, a syndrome which accounts for nearly 30 % of mortalityA step toward the identification of these associations has been implemented by using both molecular technolo- gies and statistical models that allow the generation of quick results useful in the implementation of breeding and selection programsThe present document describes both, the methodology for sequencing the domestic chicken genome and the polymorphism identification within candidate genes of susceptible broiler chickens prone to develop hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Current implications to increase the knowledge about native species genome related to the use of molecular genetics are also discussedKey Words: genetic markers, SNPs, whole-genome shotgun, Gallus gallus, genetic epidemiology, logistic regression

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Síndrome de hipertensión pulmonar ¿un origen genético en pollos de engorde?

2011

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“…Although only 2.5% of the chicken genome sequence could be directly aligned to the human genome, 75% of coding and between 30 and 40% of gene regulatory regions are conserved between species. 21 This degree of homology, although not perfect, may be sufficient to be informative for cross-species comparisons of genetic loci.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic regulation of bone strength: a review of animal model studies

Adams¹,

Ackert‐Bicknell²

2015

BoneKEy Reports

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Population-and family-based studies have established that fragility fracture risk is heritable; yet, the genome-wide association studies published to date have only accounted for a small fraction of the known variation for fracture risk of either the femur or the lumbar spine. Much work has been carried out using animal models toward finding genetic loci that are associated with bone strength. Studies using animal models overcome some of the issues associated with using patient data, but caution is needed when interpreting the results. In this review, we examine the types of tests that have been used for forward genetics mapping in animal models to identify loci and/or genes that regulate bone strength and discuss the limitations of these test methods. In addition, we present a summary of the quantitative trait loci that have been mapped for bone strength in mice, rats and chickens. The majority of these loci co-map with loci for bone size and/or geometry and thus likely dictate strength via modulating bone size. Differences in bone matrix composition have been demonstrated when comparing inbred strains of mice, and these matrix differences may be associated with differences in bone strength. However, additional work is needed to identify loci that act on bone strength at the materials level.

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“…Those genes have been considered a common characteristic of vertebrates in general (8). During the evolution of the Aves, a number of gene families were lost from the genome, responsible for traits such as: vomeronasal receptors, casein milk proteins, proteins present in saliva and enamel proteins.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Conducted analyses showed that the total length of the sequence of the chicken genome is more than a billion nucleotides that encode about 15 500 genes (number of genes verified by Ensembl) (28). It was found that the chicken genome has a relatively low content of repetitive sequences (11%) compared to mammals, which typically contain 40-50% of repetitive sequences in their genome (8). The low level of repetitive sequences results from the decreased overall size of the Avian genome in comparison to mammalian genomes, e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Development and application of genome sequencing in studies on poultry production traits and health

Dunisławska¹,

Sławińska²,

Siwek³

2018

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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Summary Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a novel method widely used in animal science and veterinary research.This technique revolutionized molecular biology and animal genetics research. The unquestionable advantage of NGS is an almost unlimited insight into genetic information. This review discusses the most important applications and achievements in poultry genomics available due to detailed sequence information. Here we present the development of sequencing methods and their further applications in poultry research. The chicken is an important livestock species and a model organism. It is the first non-mammalian amniote whose genome was sequenced by the International Chicken Genome Sequencing Consortium. Therefore, analysis of the chicken genome as a model organism and comparative analysis of genome reference plays an important role in current research. The detailed knowledge of the chicken genome position of genes associated with most important phenotypic traits will contribute to the development of molecular methods for the selection of animals.

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Chicken genome: Current status and future opportunities

Cited by 145 publications

References 62 publications

Síndrome de hipertensión pulmonar ¿un origen genético en pollos de engorde?

Síndrome de hipertensión pulmonar ¿un origen genético en pollos de engorde?

Genetic regulation of bone strength: a review of animal model studies

Development and application of genome sequencing in studies on poultry production traits and health

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