Chicken Gut Microbiome and Human Health: Past Scenarios, Current Perspectives, and Futuristic Applications

Sood, Utkarsh; Gupta, Vipin; Kumar, Roshan; Lal, Sukanya; Fawcett, Derek; Rattan, Supriya; Poinern, Gérrard Eddy Jai; Lal, Rup

doi:10.1007/s12088-019-00785-2

Cited by 35 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Thus, the entire human population is being threatened to get exposed to this highly contagious virus sooner or later [2]. Infection with COVID-19 has been associated with significant mortality, particularly in the high-risk group such as health care providers and elderly people, with or without comorbidities [3,4]. Very recently, it has been proposed that people with an underlying chronic inflammation of the gut are more predisposed to a heightened cytokine storm when infected with this virus [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet, Gut Microbiota and COVID-19

et al. 2020

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Worldwide, millions of individuals have been affected by the prevailing SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, a robust immune system remains indispensable, as an immunocompromised host status has proven to be fatal. In the absence of any specific antiviral drug/vaccine, COVID-19 related drug repurposing along with various other nonpharmacological measures coupled with lockdown have been employed to combat this infection. In this context, a plant based rich fiber diet, which happens to be consumed by a majority of the Indian population, appears to be advantageous, as it replenishes the host gut microbiota with beneficial microbes thereby leading to a symbiotic association conferring various health benefits to the host including enhanced immunity. Further, implementation of the lockdown which has proven to be a good non-pharmacological measure, seems to have resulted in consumption of home cooked healthy diet, thereby enriching the beneficial microflora in the gut, which might have resulted in better prognosis of COVID-19 patients in India in comparison to that observed in the western countries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet, Gut Microbiota and COVID-19

et al. 2020

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“…The microbiota resident in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) plays an important role to the host including nutrient absorption, innate and adaptive immune stimulation, and pathogen invasion, thereby contributing to the enhancement of growth and wellbeing of chickens (Xiao et al, 2017). However, the dysbiosis of healthy microbiome would increase growth of pathogenic strains leading to low quality and contaminated poultry products (Sood et al, 2020). Many previous studies have confirmed that the gut microbiome can be shaped by dietary intervention strategies including the inclusion of probiotics (Pan and Yu, 2014;Groussin et al, 2017;Clavijo and Flórez, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Heat-Inactivated Compound Probiotics on Growth Performance, Plasma Biochemical Indices, and Cecal Microbiome in Yellow-Feathered Broilers

et al. 2020

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This study was carried out to investigate the effect of heat-inactivated compound probiotics on growth performance, plasma biochemical indices, and gut microbiota composition and functions in yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 360 1-day-old broilers were randomly divided into 3 groups, including a basal diet as negative control group (PC), basal diet plus antibiotics with 250 mg/kg calcium oxytetracycline and 200 mg/kg Nosiheptide as positive control (PC), and basal diet plus 500 mg/kg compound probiotics consisting of heat-inactivated Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus BFI (BFI). Each group had 6 replicates of 20 chickens. On d 21, 42, and 63, one chick from each replicate was selected for blood collection and cecal sampling. Compared to the NC group, dietary supplementation with heat-inactivated compound probiotics increased the feed efficiency during d 1-63 (P < 0.05). The plasma cholesterol content at 42 d and creatinine content at 63 d were decreased by dietary supplementation with heat-inactivated compound probiotics (P < 0.05). The dominant phyla in broiler cecal microbiota were Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria, while the dominant genera were Bacteroides, Ruminococcaceae, and Phascolarctobacterium. The β-diversity index of cecal microbiota in BFI group was increased at d 42 (P < 0.01) and d 63 (P < 0.05). Dietary heat-inactivated compound probiotics increased the relative abundances of Barnesiellaceae (family), Barnesiella (genus), and Lactobacillus aviarius (species) at d 21, and reduced the relative abundances of genera Lachnoclostridium and Peptococcus at d 42, and unidentified Lachnospiraceae and Lachnoclostridium at d 63. The functional prediction of microbiota revealed that supplementation with heat-inactivated compound probiotics enriched the pathways related to methane metabolism, transcription machinery, purine metabolism and protein export. The Spearman's correlation analysis identified a significant correlation between cecal microbiota composition and overall feed efficiency and plasma metabolites. Collectively, dietary heat-inactivated compound probiotics with Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus BFI enhanced feed efficiency, and decreased plasma cholesterol and Zhu et al. Compound Probiotics Modulate Broiler Microbiome creatinine contents, which might be associated with the modulation of community composition, diversity and functions of cecal microbiota in yellow-feathered broilers. These results indicated the potential of heat-inactivated probiotics used as alternatives to antibiotics for improvement of broiler health and productivity.

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“…The cecum is an important region for microbial activity in the chicken gut, partly because the greatest density of microbial communities (up to 10 11 cells/g) occurs here, the digesta remains in the cecum for a relatively long time (10-12h), and microorganisms reside here longer than in the small intestine (Hong et al, 2019). Moreover, the cecal microbiome plays important nutritional and immune roles, such as nitrogen recycling, providing vitamins, amino acids, and SCFA to their host, especially by supplying energy to the host and competitively inhibiting pathogenic infections (Sood et al, 2019). In the current study, we observed that the cecal microbiome was mainly composed of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria at the phylum level, in accordance with other studies (Ocejo et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Inulin Supplementation Modulates Short-Chain Fatty Acid Levels and Cecum Microbiota Composition and Function in Chickens Infected With Salmonella

Song

Everaert

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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The current study investigated the effects of inulin on the gut microbiota, microbiome functions, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens infected with Salmonella enteritidis (SE). SPF Arbor Acres chickens (n = 240, 1-day-old) were divided into four groups: a control group (CON) fed a basal diet without inulin supplementation or SE infection, and three groups fed a basal diet supplemented with inulin 0, 0.5, and 1% (SE, 0.5%InSE, 1%InSE, respectively) up to 28-days-old, followed by SE challenge at 28 days of age. Cecal SCFA contents and microbiome composition and function were analyzed at 1-day post-infection. The results showed that SE infection significantly decreased cecal butyrate concentrations compared with the CON group (p < 0.05), while inulin supplementation reversed these changes compared with the SE group (p < 0.05). Inulin supplementation at 1% significantly increased the abundances of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus, and significantly decreased the abundances of Subdoligranulum and Sellimonas compared with the SE group (p < 0.05). The functional profiles of microbial communities based on metagenomic sequencing analysis showed that SE infection significantly increased the abundances of pathways related to carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, and glycan biosynthesis and metabolism (p < 0.05), and significantly decreased the abundances of pathways related to nucleotide metabolism, translation, and replication and repair compared with the CON group (p < 0.05), and these effects were reversed by inulin supplementation (0.5 and 1%) (p < 0.05). In conclusion, inulin modulated the dysbiosis induced by SE infection via affecting SCFA metabolism and microbial functional profiles.

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Chicken Gut Microbiome and Human Health: Past Scenarios, Current Perspectives, and Futuristic Applications

Cited by 35 publications

References 92 publications

Diet, Gut Microbiota and COVID-19

Diet, Gut Microbiota and COVID-19

Effect of Heat-Inactivated Compound Probiotics on Growth Performance, Plasma Biochemical Indices, and Cecal Microbiome in Yellow-Feathered Broilers

Dietary Inulin Supplementation Modulates Short-Chain Fatty Acid Levels and Cecum Microbiota Composition and Function in Chickens Infected With Salmonella

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