Chikungunya outbreak in Montpellier, France, September to October 2014

Delisle, Elsa; Rousseau, Cyril; Broche, B.; Leparc-Goffart, Isabelle; L’Ambert, Grégory; Cochet, Amandine; Prat, Christine; Foulongne, Vincent; Ferré, Jean-Baptiste; Catelinois, Olivier; Flusin, Olivier; Tchernonog, Emmanuelle; Moussion, I. Estève; Wiegandt, Axel; Septfons, Alexandra; Mendy, Alphonse; Moyano, M B; Laporte, Louise; Maurel, JP; Jourdain, Frédéric; Reynes, J.; Paty, Marie-Claire; Golliot, Franck

doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es2015.20.17.21108

Cited by 247 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…The frequent detection of outbreaks in Central African cities over a relatively short term (2006 to 2011) also suggests that this ECSA clade has established continuous urban transmission in Africa and may now be evolving independently of enzootic transmission. Not surprisingly, this ECSA clade seeded autochthonous A. albopictus-borne transmission in Mont-pellier, France, from September to October 2014, introduced by a traveler returning from Cameroon (40). The establishment of an urban CHIKV lineage in Africa, particularly one that can be transmitted by both A. aegypti and A. albopictus, poses a great risk for further global exportation and emergence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding, together with the deep divergence between the Central African clade and the IOL-ancestral Kenya 2004 strain, suggests that East and Central Africa harbor rich, largely unsampled CHIKV genetic diversity, with deeply divergent strains cocirculating in these regions. The repeated exportation of ECSA strains to Asia (13), Indian Ocean islands (15), Europe (40)(41)(42), and South America (20), as well as ever-increasing intercontinental transportation, suggests that the ECSA lineage will seed additional epidemics in the near future. Importantly, the Cameroon (2006), Gabon (2007), and Congo (2011) strains derived from the Central African clade of the ECSA lineage all contain the E1-A226V A. albopictus-adaptive substitution, suggesting a high risk of urban transmission in locations where this vector is more abundant than A. aegypti, such as southern Europe (43).…”

Section: Evolutionary Rates Of Different Chikv Lineagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive Genome Scale Phylogenetic Study Provides New Insights on the Global Expansion of Chikungunya Virus

Chen

Puri

Fedorova

et al. 2016

J Virol

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Since the India and Indian Ocean outbreaks of 2005 and 2006, the global distribution of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and the locations of epidemics have dramatically shifted. First, the Indian Ocean lineage (IOL) caused sustained epidemics in India and has radiated to many other countries. Second, the Asian lineage has caused frequent outbreaks in the Pacific islands and in 2013 was introduced into the Caribbean, followed by rapid spread to nearly all of the neotropics. Further, CHIKV epidemics, as well as exported cases, have been reported in central Africa after a long period of perceived silence. To understand these changes and to anticipate the future of the virus, the exact distribution, genetic diversity, transmission routes, and future epidemic potential of CHIKV require further assessment. To do so, we conducted the most comprehensive phylogenetic analysis to date, examined CHIKV evolution and transmission, and explored distinct genetic factors associated with the emergence of the East/Central/ South African (ECSA) lineage, the IOL, and the Asian lineage. Our results reveal contrasting evolutionary patterns among the lineages, with growing genetic diversities observed in each, and suggest that CHIKV will continue to be a major public health threat with the potential for further emergence and spread. IMPORTANCE Chikungunya fever is a reemerging infectious disease that is transmitted by

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evolutionary Rates Of Different Chikv Lineagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Genome Scale Phylogenetic Study Provides New Insights on the Global Expansion of Chikungunya Virus

Chen

Puri

Fedorova

et al. 2016

J Virol

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“…20 This was amply demonstrated by the outbreak of chikungunya in Italy in the summer of 2007 and in French in 2010. 28,29 Any country where Aedes mosquito is present represents a potential area for future chikungunya virus establishment and outbreaks.…”

Section: Risk For Moroccomentioning

confidence: 99%

Chikungunya infection confirmed in a Moroccan traveller returning from Bangladesh

et al. 2017

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Recently, several countries reported imported cases of infection with chikungunya virus (CHIKV). We report the first case of chikungunya virus infection in Morocco. A 37-year old woman returned to Morocco on 15 August 2017, after she stayed in Dhaka-Bangladesh for 18months. She developed severe arthralgias and rash, fever up to 39°c. In next day’s symptoms progressively subsided but arthralgias remained for 3weeks. Laboratory findings didn't show lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia or elevated liver transaminases. Serological tests were positive for CHIKV IgM and negative for IgG antibodies. CHIKV-RNA was detected by RT-PCR. The patient was treated with non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs and paracetamol. After 15days of hospitalization, symptoms ameliorated but arthralgias persists. The vector is established in Morocco and since the virus is diagnosed in returning travellers, chikungunya has a potential for autochthonous transmission in Morocco, that’s why CHIKV must be included in the differential diagnosis of arthralgia in all travellers returning from countries with documented transmission of the virus.

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“…albopictus has also been associated with local arboviral transmission and disease outbreaks, specifically in temperate regions where Ae. aegypti is absent or uncommon [12][13][14][15][16][17]. However, Ae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the risk of Zika and chikungunya virus transmission in human population centers of the eastern United States

Manore

Ostfeld

Agusto

et al. 2016

Preprint

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The recent spread of mosquito-transmitted viruses and associated disease to the Americas motivates a new, data-driven evaluation of risk in temperate population centers. Temperate regions are generally expected to pose low risk for significant mosquito-borne disease; however, the spread of the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) across densely populated urban areas has established a new landscape of risk. We use a model informed by field data to assess the conditions likely to facilitate local transmission of chikungunya and Zika viruses from an infected traveler to Ae. albopictus and then to other humans in USA cities with variable human densities and seasonality. Mosquito-borne disease occurs when specific combinations of conditions maximize virus-to-mosquito and mosquito-to-human contact rates. We develop a mathematical model that captures the epidemiology and is informed by current data on vector ecology from urban sites. The model demonstrates that under specific but realistic conditions, fifty-percent of introductions by infectious travelers to a high human, high mosquito density city could initiate local transmission and 10% of the introductions could result in 100 or more people infected. Despite the propensity for Ae. albopictus to bite non-human vertebrates, we also demonstrate that local virus transmission and human outbreaks may occur when vectors feed from humans even just 40% of the time. Inclusion of human behavioral changes and mitigations were not incorporated into the models and would likely reduce predicted infections. This work demonstrates how a conditional series of non-average events can result in local arbovirus transmission and outbreaks of human disease, even in temperate cities.

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Chikungunya outbreak in Montpellier, France, September to October 2014

Cited by 247 publications

References 12 publications

Comprehensive Genome Scale Phylogenetic Study Provides New Insights on the Global Expansion of Chikungunya Virus

Comprehensive Genome Scale Phylogenetic Study Provides New Insights on the Global Expansion of Chikungunya Virus

Chikungunya infection confirmed in a Moroccan traveller returning from Bangladesh

Defining the risk of Zika and chikungunya virus transmission in human population centers of the eastern United States

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