“…The common factors model aligns with humanistic child counseling approaches, such as child‐centered play therapy (CCPT; Landreth, 2023; Ray, 2011), which recognize therapeutic relationship factors (congruence, positive regard, empathic understanding) as primary therapeutic change mechanisms. Researchers have reported evidence that CCPT is an effective intervention to address behavioral, social, and emotional problems among children who experience ACEs (Haas & Ray, 2020; Ray et al., 2022; Schoonover & Perryman, 2023). Because the therapeutic relationship is the primary theoretical change mechanism of CCPT, it is important to consider how children with multiple ACEs and complex trauma experience and engage within the therapeutic relationship.…”