Child disaster mental health interventions, part II

Pfefferbaum, Betty; Sweeton, Jennifer L.; Newman, Elana; Varma, Vandana; Noffsinger, Mary A.; Shaw, Jon A.; Chrisman, Allan K.; Nitiéma, Pascal

doi:10.4161/dish.27535

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Optimal timing and length of post-disaster services continues to be a greatly debated topic [8••]. Strikingly, children who engaged in one half hour to nine hours of an intervention predicted better outcomes, but all the outcomes had medium to large effects ( d range=0.95 to 1.25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meta-analyses of child interventions focused on PTSD [3•, 4] have revealed promising results, but the lack of specific focus upon the efficacy and effectiveness of child disaster mental health interventions leaves a major public health concern. Recently, several qualitative reviews have examined child disaster mental health interventions [5, 6, 7••, 8••, 9], describing specific trends and gaps in the field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To extend this work, this meta-analysis was conducted to examine effect sizes of interventions upon PTSD and explore the moderating effects of factors raised in descriptive reviews [5, 6, 7••, 8••, 9]. Our specific aims were to: (1) examine outcomes in children receiving treatment relative to control and waitlist groups; (2) evaluate treatment outcomes yielded by specific intervention packages, and (3) examine the moderating role of intervention packages, treatment modality (individual vs. group), providers’ level of training, intervention setting, parental involvement, participant age, length of therapy, intervention delivery timing, and the methodological rigor of the study based on Nathan and Gorman [10] criteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meta-Analytic Review of Psychological Interventions for Children Survivors of Natural and Man-Made Disasters

Newman

Pfefferbaum

Kirlić

et al. 2014

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Although many post-disaster interventions for children and adolescent survivors of disaster and terrorism have been created, little is known about the effectiveness of such interventions. Therefore, this meta-analysis assessed PTSD outcomes among children and adolescent survivors of natural and man-made disasters receiving psychological interventions. Aggregating results from 24 studies (total N=2630) indicates that children and adolescents receiving psychological intervention fared significantly better than those in control or waitlist groups with respect to PTSD symptoms. Moderator effects were also observed for intervention package, treatment modality (group vs. individual), providers’ level of training, intervention setting, parental involvement, participant age, length of treatment, intervention delivery timing, and methodological rigor. Findings are discussed in detail with suggestions for practice and future research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meta-Analytic Review of Psychological Interventions for Children Survivors of Natural and Man-Made Disasters

Newman

Pfefferbaum

Kirlić

et al. 2014

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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“…Many of these interventions have proven effective in reducing the mental health sequelae of disasters. For a review of different programmes and their effectiveness, see Pfefferbaum and co-workers (2014a, 2014b). A study that provides pre-event general psychoeducation to children about the effects of experiencing a disaster (or other potentially traumatic event) in a community that later experiences a disaster would provide valuable information about such interventions in the future.…”

Section: Disaster Risk Communication and Pre-event Strategies: Implemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communicating with children and adolescents about the risk of natural disasters

Midtbust

Dyregrov

Djup

2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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A vast number of people annually are affected by natural disasters. Children are at risk of losing their lives and suffer mentally or physically after such events. The fostering of resilience and preparedness ahead of disasters can reduce untoward effects of disastrous events. Risk communication and disaster education are considered important aspects of disaster preparedness, but little is known about whether such strategies influence children’s behaviour when natural disasters occur or how they cope in the aftermath. This paper presents and discusses various strategies that promote preparedness activities to save lives. To a minor extent, it also includes strategies that can promote coping in the aftermath. Strategies such as informational campaigns, educational activities, psychoeducation and parental guidance are addressed. The literature to date indicates that schools are a suitable arena for risk communication, and that adolescents themselves should be involved and engaged in the communication strategies. However, the relationship between knowledge of preparedness strategies and the resulting preparedness actions is largely unknown. It is unknown whether changes in awareness and attitudes have resulted in actual behaviour change. It is advocated that preparedness activities and parental involvement should supplement information-based strategies.

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“…Similarly, given that many youth are also resilient following exposure to a traumatic event, such as a disaster, and may not warrant intervention, a parallel goal for post-disaster assessment is to identify those who should not be referred to unnecessary services. Many promising trauma-focused treatments exist to address youth psychological problems after disasters among those who are identified in need (Pfefferbaum, Sweeton, Newman, Varma, Nitiéma et al, 2014; Pfefferbaum, Sweeton, Newman, Varma, Noffsinger et al, 2014), but disruptions to community infrastructures can impede connecting these adolescents with mental health services. To meet youth mental health needs and guide resource allocation in the post-disaster context, the field needs clinical decision making tools that are efficient to administer and provide sound information for triage, diagnosis, case conceptualization, and treatment planning.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Decision-Making Following Disasters: Efficient Identification of PTSD Risk in Adolescents

Danielson

Cohen

Adams

et al. 2016

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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The present study aimed to utilize a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) approach in order to improve clinical decision-making for adolescents at risk for the development of psychopathology in the aftermath of a natural disaster. Specifically we assessed theoretically-driven individual, interpersonal, and event-related vulnerability factors to determine which indices were most accurate in forecasting PTSD. Furthermore, we aimed to translate these etiological findings by identifying clinical cut-off recommendations for relevant vulnerability factors. Our study consisted of structured phone-based clinical interviews with 2,000 adolescent-parent dyads living within a 5-mile radius of tornados that devastated Joplin, MO, and northern Alabama in Spring 2011. Demographics, tornado incident characteristics, prior trauma, mental health, and family support and conflict were assessed. A subset of youth completed two behavioral assessment tasks online to assess distress tolerance and risk taking behavior. ROC analyses indicated four variables that significantly improved PTSD diagnostic efficiency: Lifetime depression (AUC=.90), trauma history (AUC=.76), social support (AUC=.70), and family conflict (AUC=.72). Youth were 2–3 times more likely to have PTSD if they had elevated scores on any of these variables. Of note, event-related characteristics (e.g., property damage) were not related to PTSD diagnostic status. The present study adds to the literature by making specific recommendations for empirically-based, efficient disaster-related PTSD assessment for adolescents following a natural disaster. Implications for practice and future trauma-related developmental psychopathology research are discussed.

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Child disaster mental health interventions, part II

Cited by 27 publications

References 49 publications

Meta-Analytic Review of Psychological Interventions for Children Survivors of Natural and Man-Made Disasters

Meta-Analytic Review of Psychological Interventions for Children Survivors of Natural and Man-Made Disasters

Communicating with children and adolescents about the risk of natural disasters

Clinical Decision-Making Following Disasters: Efficient Identification of PTSD Risk in Adolescents

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