Child Health Insurance Coverage and Household Activity Toward Child Development in Four South American Countries

Wehby, George L.

doi:10.1007/s10995-013-1321-y

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…behaviour, service utilization and nutritional intake to explore how medical insurance affected child health. According to Wehby (2014), parents who have obtained health insurance coverage for their children are more likely to provide a healthy household environment. Hence, the first path refers to health-related behaviour, including the variables of whether a child is actively engaged in sports, whether a child's parents participate in any sports, and whether the child's parents have a craving for tobacco, taking a value of one if at least one parent smoked more than ten cigarettes per day.…”

Section: Path Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Does health insurance coverage lead to better child health? Evidence from China

Chen

Chu

2019

China popul. dev. stud.

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Using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, this study investigated the impact of health insurance coverage on children's health in China. To address the potential endogeneity between insurance and health, we adopted the instrumental variable probit model. We found that insurance enrollment significantly improved the health of children, especially urban children, but there was no significant insurance effect across gender. After using the propensity score matching method, an alternative measure of child health, and a sub-sample of children aged above 10, our major finding of the insurance effect on child health is verified and robust. We further conducted the path analysis by identifying three potential paths through which medical insurance improved child health. We found that child health behaviour and nutritional intake are the effective paths between insurance enrollment and health status. These results provided implications for policy makers in constructing and developing the supportive system of child medical insurance in China.

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Section: Path Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Does health insurance coverage lead to better child health? Evidence from China

Chen

Chu

2019

China popul. dev. stud.

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“…1 Occupational activity also reflects time constraints in investment and childcare. An indicator for child health insurance status was included since it has also been associated with development (Wehby, 2014). Having insurance may enhance access to health services but may also result in an income effect by reducing out-pocket healthcare expenditures.…”

Section: Data Source Sample and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in early cognitive and receptive-expressive neurodevelopment by ancestry and underlying pathways in Brazil and Argentina

Wehby

Trujillo

2017

Infant Behavior and Development

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We examine disparities in early child cognitive and receptive-expressive skills by ethnic ancestry among infants aged 3 to 24 months from Brazil and Argentina. We employ unique data on the neurodevelopment of children who were seeking routine well-child care at a set of pediatric clinics in these countries. The sample included children who had normal birth outcomes and no major health complications, allowing us to focus on variation in neurodevelopment among children without major physical health limitations. The physicians attending the pediatric clinics were trained in administering the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener, a standardized instrument used to screen an infant’s risk of neurodevelopmental problems on various domains of abilities. We evaluate disparities in overall neurodevelopmental scores and risk for neurodevelopmental problems as well as in cognitive functioning and receptive-expressive neurodevelopment. We also examine the extent to which household demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and geographic location explain these disparities. We find large gaps in both cognitive and receptive-expressive neurodevelopment by ancestry. In Brazil, children of African ancestry have lower scores on both cognitive and receptive-expressive domains and on overall neurodevelopment than children of European ancestry. In Argentina, children of Native ancestry have lower scores on these outcomes than children of European ancestry. These gaps however are largely explained by differences in geographic location and household characteristics, highlighting the importance of policies that reduce socioeconomic and geographic disparities in social capital and economic development for eliminating ethnic disparities in infant neurodevelopment.

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Maternal Education Gradients in Infant Health in Four South American Countries

Wehby

López-Camelo

2017

Matern Child Health J

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Objective We investigate gradients (i.e. differences) in infant health outcomes by maternal education in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Venezuela and explore channels related to father's education, household labor outcomes, and maternal health, fertility, and use of prenatal services and technology. Methods We employ secondary interview and birth record data similarly collected across a network of birth hospitals from the early 1980s through 2011 within the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Anomalies (ECLAMC). Focusing on children without birth defects, we estimate gradients in several infant health outcomes including birth weight, gestational age, and hospital discharge status by maternal education using ordinary least squares regression models adjusting for several demographic factors. To explore channels, we add as covariates father's education, parental occupational activity, maternal health and fertility history, and use of prenatal services and technology and evaluate changes in the coefficient of maternal education. We use the same models for each country sample. Results We find important differences in gradients across countries. We find evidence for educational gradients in preterm birth in three countries but weaker evidence for gradients in fetal growth. The extent to which observed household and maternal factors explain these gradients based on changes in the regression coefficient of maternal education when controlling for these factors as covariates also varies between countries. In contrast, we generally find evidence across all countries that higher maternal education is associated with increased use of prenatal care services and technology. Conclusions Our findings suggest that differences in infant health by maternal education and their underlying mechanisms vary and are not necessarily generalizable across countries. However, the positive association between maternal education and use of prenatal services and technology is more consistent across examined countries.

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Child Health Insurance Coverage and Household Activity Toward Child Development in Four South American Countries

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Does health insurance coverage lead to better child health? Evidence from China

Does health insurance coverage lead to better child health? Evidence from China

Differences in early cognitive and receptive-expressive neurodevelopment by ancestry and underlying pathways in Brazil and Argentina

Maternal Education Gradients in Infant Health in Four South American Countries

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