Child Maltreatment and Substance Use: A Review of the Literature

Arellano, Charleanea M.

doi:10.3109/10826089609063963

Cited by 45 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Numerous reviews regarding the literature in this area have been conducted (e.g. Arellano, 1996;Langeland and Hartgers, 1998). For example, Langeland and Hartgers (1998) found associations between both CSA and CPA and the development of later alcohol problems among females.…”

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confidence: 99%

A rapid systematic review on the association between childhood physical and sexual abuse and illicit drug use among males

Butt¹,

Chou²,

Browne³

2011

Child Abuse Review

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This paper aims to review studies in relation to the association between childhood physical (CPA) and sexual abuse (CSA) and illicit drug use among the male clinical and general community populations using a systematic approach. Primary studies were identifi ed using online databases which were searched comprehensively using a set of pre-determined search criteria and terms. Other sources included expert contact and the reference list of a relevant review. Associations between exposure (CPA/CSA) and outcome (illicit drug use) were considered with regards to an array of factors. A total of 5012 references were initially identifi ed out of which 18 studies met the necessary criteria for reviewing. The review demonstrates tentative support for factors such as earlier drug initiation, intravenous drug use and greater frequency of use among some of the samples. It also demonstrates the diffi culties involved in drawing conclusions due to the complex and multifaceted nature of drug use and the variability in the quality of the research available in this area. Limitations of the current review are highlighted and recommendations offered for future research with consideration given to practical implications in clinical and forensic settings. Miller and Mancusco, 2004). Indeed, a number of studies have reported an association between various forms of victimisation and later pro blematic substance use among adolescents and adults, although sexual abuse appears to be the focal point of attention for many studies (e.g. Bergen et al., 2004;Dube et al., 2005;Harrison et al., 1997;Holmes, 1997). This body of research illustrates the role of childhood abuse as a possible contributing factor to the development of substance abuse that not only increases the likelihood of substance use per se but also complicates the clinical picture of substance abuse by adding a component of psychological and behavioural distress (Bergen et al., 2004). Many mechanisms have been postulated to explain the association between childhood victimisation and illicit drug use and abuse. In these conceptualisations, substance use represents a strategy to cope with the stress produced by these forms of violence (e.g. Garnefski and Arends, 1998;Kilpatrick et al., 2000; Miller and Mancusco, 2004;Weiss et al., 1999). Hypothetically speaking, distress caused by negative experiences such as victimisation drives individuals to engage in behaviours that reduce negative emotions, such as situational avoidance or drug use (Kilpatrick et al., 1997). That is to say, substance use or abuse following negative events may be an effective, albeit maladaptive, strategy to mask the negative affect associated with such experiences (Kilpatrick et al., 2000; Miller and Mancusco, 2004;Weiss et al., 1999). However, the correlational nature of the research in this area makes it impossible to ascertain defi nitely whether childhood sexual abuse (CSA) or childhood physical abuse (CPA) is causally related to any later outcomes (Simpson and Miller, 2002). Since victimisation cannot ...

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confidence: 99%

A rapid systematic review on the association between childhood physical and sexual abuse and illicit drug use among males

Butt¹,

Chou²,

Browne³

2011

Child Abuse Review

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“…In humans, childhood stressors such as abuse and neglect are correlated with a range of problems, from psychiatric disorders to substance abuse (Servant and Parquet, 1993;Triffleman et al, 1995;Arellano, 1996;Duncan et al, 1996;Tam et al, 2003). With substance abuse continuing to be a problem in our society, we investigated this link using an animal model of early life stress, maternal separation (MS), and a model of the reinforcing effects of drugs, place conditioning.…”

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Early Postnatal Stress Alters Place Conditioning to Both μ- and κ-Opioid Agonists

Michaels

Holtzman²

2008

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Clinical literature has established a link between early childhood incidents of neglect and trauma and adult problems with substance abuse. In rats, such early life stress has been modeled using a maternal separation (MS) paradigm in which rat pups were removed from their mothers for a few hours daily during the first two postnatal weeks. In this study, we used the MS model to investigate the effects of early postnatal stress on place conditioning to both -and -opioid agonists in male and female Long-Evans rats. Offspring of both rearing conditions [MS or nonhandled (NH)] were conditioned using a biased procedure to saline, the -opioid agonist morphine (3.0, 5.6, and 10 mg/kg s.c.), or the -opioid agonist spiradoline (0.3, 1.0, and 3.0 mg/kg) for 3 days, followed by a drug-free placeconditioning test 24 h later. Saline was administered in the morning, 30 min before confinement in one compartment, whereas morphine or spiradoline was administered in a similar manner 6 h later in the opposite compartment. MS offspring spent significantly more time in the morphine-paired compartment than NH offspring, indicating a greater place preference for the -opioid agonist. In the case of spiradoline, NH offspring spent significantly less time in the spiradoline-paired compartment, indicating a greater aversion to the -opioid agonist in these animals than in MS offspring. These findings indicate that early postnatal stress can significantly alter the rewarding or aversive value of -and -opioid agonists when measured using place conditioning.A growing body of literature supports a link between repeated exposure to early life stressors and long-lasting, possibly permanent, changes in both the brain and behavior. In humans, childhood stressors such as abuse and neglect are correlated with a range of problems, from psychiatric disorders to substance abuse (Servant and

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“…Depression and substance abuse disorders are often co-morbid; therefore, it is not surprising that an animal model of early-life stress could be used to explore both conditions (Arellano, 1996;Brady & Verduin, 2005;Nunes & Rounsaville, 2006;Triffleman, 1992). While we have used maternal separation to investigate potential changes in reward, others have used it to model depressive phenotypes.…”

Section: Sucrose Preferencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…An ever-increasing number of studies point to incidents of early-life stress as risk factors in a multitude of illnesses ranging from cardiovascular disease to mental illness (Arellano, 1996;Caldji, et al, 2000;Triffleman, et al, 1995). While the link between early-life stress, depression, anxiety disorders, and post traumatic stress disorder has been relatively well researched, the link between early-life stress and the occurrence of substance abuse disorders is less clear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the link between early-life stress, depression, anxiety disorders, and post traumatic stress disorder has been relatively well researched, the link between early-life stress and the occurrence of substance abuse disorders is less clear. Most evidence connecting early-life stress and substance abuse disorders comes from clinical research establishing correlations between patients seeking substance abuse treatment and prior incidents of childhood abuse and neglect (Arellano, 1996;Ireland & Widom;1994,Medrano, 1999. Little research has been conducted to investigate the effects such stress has directly on drug and non-drug measures of reward in animal models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced sensitivity to naltrexone-induced drinking suppression of fluid intake and sucrose consumption in maternally separated rats

Michaels

Holtzman

2007

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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Early-life stress has been identified as a risk factor in the development of a host of disorders, including substance abuse; however the link between early postnatal stress and changes in measures of reward has not been thoroughly researched. The current study had two main objectives: 1) to determine the impact of maternal separation (an animal model of early-life stress) on the consumption of 10% and 2.5% sucrose solutions by Long-Evans rat dams and male and female offspring, and 2) to determine the effect of the opioid antagonist naltrexone (0.1 -3.0 mg/kg) on drinking by each of those groups. Dam-pup separations occurred for varying lengths of time during the first two postnatal weeks. In experiment 1, a two-bottle choice test (sucrose solution vs. water) was administered across five days to both nonhandled (NH) and maternally-separated (MS) offspring as adults and to dams 2-4 weeks post-weaning. In experiment 2, naltrexone was administered prior to two-bottle choice tests. MS males and the dams of MS litters exhibited increased intake of total fluid and sucrose solutions, whereas results from females were less consistent. Naltrexone elicited a greater decrease in fluid intake and sucrose intake in male MS offspring compared to male NH offspring. These results indicate that early postnatal stress alters both sucrose consumption, a non-drug measure of reward, and apparently the brain opioid systems that mediate naltrexone-induced drinking suppression.

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Child Maltreatment and Substance Use: A Review of the Literature

Cited by 45 publications

References 42 publications

A rapid systematic review on the association between childhood physical and sexual abuse and illicit drug use among males

A rapid systematic review on the association between childhood physical and sexual abuse and illicit drug use among males

Early Postnatal Stress Alters Place Conditioning to Both μ- and κ-Opioid Agonists

Enhanced sensitivity to naltrexone-induced drinking suppression of fluid intake and sucrose consumption in maternally separated rats

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