Child Trafficking for Adoption Purposes: A Criminological Analysis of the Illegal Adoption Market

Loibl, Elvira

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-63192-9_97-1

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…As Elvira Loibl has argued,The adoption placement agencies’ foreign cooperation partners and representatives play a crucial role in the adoption procedure, as they are involved in the most crucial phase of the child placement process: the phase between the abandonment or relinquishment of the child and the adoption decision in a court, where most illegal and abusive practices commonly occur. They are important “cogs” in the adoption system, as their working method, ethical stance, as well as understanding of the child’s best interests have a significant influence on the subsequent processes and, ultimately, the resulting adoption (Loibl, 2019: 10).…”

Section: Will Us Sanctions Hasten Promised Reforms?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 Rethink Orphanages is an international coalition of organizations working to interrupt recent trends in the ways people in the Global North have engaged with orphan issues abroad, most especially orphanage volunteering and tourism. 18 These activities have been shown to be a driver for the unnecessary family separation and child institutionalization, including child trafficking into orphanages, and even into ICAs (Loibl, 2019; Van Doore, 2016). Various campaigns to stop orphanage volunteering and tourism have helped draw media attention to the issue.…”

Section: Fighting Back Against Adoption Corruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Closing New Loopholes: Protecting Children in Uganda’s International Adoption Practices

Cheney

2021

Childhood

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Despite closing a legal guardianship loophole that enabled foreign prospective adoptive parents to bypass restrictive Ugandan adoption laws in 2016, corruption in intercountry adoption persisted, with the courts legitimating new end-runs around the requirements. But US sanctions issued in 2020 bring new hope for reform. By highlighting what children’s advocates are doing to fight back, I suggest strategies for effective child and family safeguarding practices against adoption corruption as well as efforts to seek justice for affected children and families.

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Section: Will Us Sanctions Hasten Promised Reforms?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fighting Back Against Adoption Corruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Closing New Loopholes: Protecting Children in Uganda’s International Adoption Practices

Cheney

2021

Childhood

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“…For example, children are purchased from their impoverished families or abducted from their homes, the streets or from childcare institutions; or vulnerable birth parents are coerced or provided with misleading information in order to obtain their consent for an adoption (Dickens, 2002;King, 2012;Meier, 2008;Smolin 2006). The illegally obtained children are then 'laundered' through the adoption system: their birth certificates and other documents necessary for an adoption are falsified or fabricated in order to hide their illegal origin and to identify them as legally abandoned orphans (Loibl, 2020;Smolin, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The aftermath of transnational illegal adoptions: Redressing human rights violations in the intercountry adoption system with instruments of transitional justice

Loibl

2021

Childhood

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A growing movement of illegally adopted individuals request remedies and reparations for the human rights violations that they and their biological families had suffered. This article explores a number of measures that the stakeholders in the receiving countries can use in an effort to repair the human rights violations caused by illegal intercountry adoptions, borrowing ideas from transitional justice. In order to effectively redress the harm inflicted upon victims of illegal adoptions, a policy on remedies should combine instruments of retributive justice, aimed at holding wrongdoers accountable, with measures of restorative justice that focus on the victims’ needs and interests.

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Human trafficking in the framework of the international adoption system: An (un)solvable problem?

Radišić¹

2022

Zb Pravnog fak Niš

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The article explores the relationship between human trafficking and international adoption from the perspective of international (criminal) law. The article aims to indicate the specific position of international adoptions in relation to human traffic-king. To accomplish this goal, the article provides a review of relevant literature on this subject matter, including the views of authors who examined this relationship, with specific reference to current international documents in the field of human trafficking and international adoptions. The inadequate international documents on this matter and the authors' insufficent commitment to exploring this issue more thoroughly have generated different and often contradictory standpoints, and ultimately resulted in diverse and fairly liberal interpretation of certain international law provisions. The literature review allows us to observe the diversity of those views and the lack of common agreement among the authors, particularly on the basic concepts, which is one of the major hindrances in exploring this relationship. In the end, the author of this article suggest that an adequate solution may be the re-examination and reform of international law in the area of human trafficking and international adoptions, which would entail amending and supplementing the existing provisions or regulating illicit intercountry adoptions in a separate international document.

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Child Trafficking for Adoption Purposes: A Criminological Analysis of the Illegal Adoption Market

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Closing New Loopholes: Protecting Children in Uganda’s International Adoption Practices

Closing New Loopholes: Protecting Children in Uganda’s International Adoption Practices

The aftermath of transnational illegal adoptions: Redressing human rights violations in the intercountry adoption system with instruments of transitional justice

Human trafficking in the framework of the international adoption system: An (un)solvable problem?

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