Child Well-being and Adverse Childhood Experiences in the United States

Bethell, Christina; Simpson, Lisa; Solloway, Michele

doi:10.1016/j.acap.2017.06.011

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Children with POE have been removed from parental custody due to maternal substance abuse and mental health issues, child neglect, and maternal imprisonment and physical abuse [11], indicating several adverse childhood experiences. It is well documented that adverse childhood experiences have lasting impacts, including increased mental health problems, risky behaviors, infectious and chronic disease, while lowering education, occupation, and income opportunities [49][50][51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Opioid Exposure and ADHD Childhood Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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To systematically investigate the association between prenatal opioid exposure (POE) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children 2–18 years old, studies were searched using PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from January of 1950 to October of 2019. Inclusion criteria were observational studies reporting ADHD symptoms of children with POE compared with non-exposed children or normative data. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO: CRD42018115967. Two independent reviewers extracted data on hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention symptoms, ADHD combined subscale symptoms, and sample characteristics. Of 223 articles screened, seven met the inclusion criteria. Data represent 319 children with POE and 1308 non-exposed children from 4.3 to 11.2 mean years from five countries. POE was positively associated with childhood hyperactivity/impulsivity (d = 1.40; 95% CI, 0.49–2.31; p = 0.003), inattention (d = 1.35; 95% CI, 0.69–2.01; p < 0.0001), and combined ADHD symptoms scores (d = 1.27; 95% CI = 0.79–1.75; p < 0.0001). POE was positively associated with ADHD combined symptom scores at preschool (d = 0.83, 95% CI, 0.57, 1.09; p < 0.0001) and school age (d = 1.45, 95% CI, 0.85 to 2.04; p < 0.0001). Results suggest increased risk of ADHD symptoms during school age. Future research is needed to clarify the relationship between biological, social, and environmental risk and ADHD symptoms for children who experienced POE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Opioid Exposure and ADHD Childhood Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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“…At Wave 1 in accordance with the IRB, youth were asked about adversity that they had experienced during their childhood. We applied a modified cumulative scale that assessed 1) conventional ACEs domains, 8–9 2) experiences in the youth’s social environment relevant to YFC included in other prior expanded ACEs frameworks, 12, 25–26 and 3) childhood stressors associated with the foster care system (for other illustrations of modified ACEs see 6–7 ). Responses were coded dichotomously--including four maltreatment variables (sexual assault, physical abuse by a caregiver, neglect by a caregiver, and abandonment), six household factors: four characteristics of caregivers in the households from which youth were removed at the time they were placed in foster care (caregiver substance abuse, mental illness, domestic violence, and/or criminal record) as well as two adversities while in care (placement in five or more foster homes, adoption plan failure), and five environmentally-based factors (witnessed others being seriously hurt or killed, were involved in physical fighting, experienced a natural disaster or fire, experienced a life-threatening accident, and/or a very serious injury).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general population samples, a large body of literature has consistently demonstrated a dose-response relationship between the number of childhood stressors and the likelihood of mental health, substance-related, and physical health problems. 8 Recent research has broadened our understanding of the impact of ACEs by measuring effects of these stressors in highly stressed groups (rather than in general population samples) such as those with lower household incomes and those who identify as racial/ethnic minorities. These studies have also expanded the ACEs framework to incorporate additional stressors that may be experienced by these groups (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The body of literature defining the impact of ACEs is an important and emerging area for the pediatric community. 8 Though this significant population health relationship between cumulative stress and negative health outcomes has been broadly established, a gap in the literature is whether and how different patterns of ACEs exposure are associated with differential health outcomes later in life. Said another way, in addition to understanding that more stress equals higher risks, a clearer and more nuanced understanding of how adversity impacts the transition into adulthood for specific groups of youth can inform policy and practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adverse Childhood Experiences and Young Adult Health Outcomes Among Youth Aging Out of Foster Care

Rebbe

Nurius

Courtney

et al. 2018

Academic Pediatrics

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This study shows that there are subgroups of YFC, which each have a distinct profile of risk in young adulthood, with the complex group being at highest risk of the physical and sexual health risk outcomes evaluated. Findings strongly suggest the need for targeted strategies to promote screening for ACEs and chronic health conditions, linkage to adult health care, and continuity of care for adolescents and young adults in foster care to offset these trajectories.

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“…There is scientific consensus that certain childhood experiences decrease the likelihood that children will develop optimally (Bethell et al 2017;Shonkoff 2010). Developmental researchers have documented the ways parenting and home environments threaten the development of social, emotional, and cognitive skills (Belsky 1984;Bradley and Corwyn 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Childhood Experiences in Infancy: a Latent Class Approach Exploring Interrelatedness of Risks

et al. 2020

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Researchers have documented the ways in which children's parenting and home environments impact their social, emotional, and cognitive skills. There is scientific consensus that certain adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), particularly in the absence of a nurturing caregiver, decrease the likelihood that children will develop optimally. Many ACEs co-occur, thereby increasing the number of adversities children experience. This study examined the interrelatedness of ACEs for 14-month-old children from the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project (N = 2361). Using latent class analysis, three classes were identified: ACEslow (N = 1431, 60.6%), ACEs-parent maltreatment (N = 636, 26.9%), and ACEs-household dysfunction (N = 294, 12.5%). Class membership was significantly associated with related parenting constructs. Children in families with greater household dysfunction (ACEs-household dysfunction) had parents with the highest levels of parenting stress and the lowest levels of self-efficacy, but who were knowledgeable of infant development and were observed to be moderately supportive in play with their child. Parents at risk for child maltreatment (ACEs-parent maltreatment) had moderate levels of stress and self-efficacy, but the least knowledge of development and were observed to be the least supportiveness in play. Our study suggests that infants experience constellations of ACEs, which are differentially associated with parenting characteristics and behaviors. Results lend credibility to ACE screening in infancy and could be used to inform intervention efforts and the development of more efficient, sensitive screening methods.

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Child Well-being and Adverse Childhood Experiences in the United States

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Prenatal Opioid Exposure and ADHD Childhood Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis

Prenatal Opioid Exposure and ADHD Childhood Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Young Adult Health Outcomes Among Youth Aging Out of Foster Care

Adverse Childhood Experiences in Infancy: a Latent Class Approach Exploring Interrelatedness of Risks

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