Childhood abuse in the etiological continuum underlying psychosis from first-episode psychosis to psychotic experiences

Alemany, Silvia; Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa; Arias, Bárbara; Fatjó‐Vilas, Mar; Ibáñez, Manuel I.; Ortet, Generós; Crespo‐Facorro, Benedicto; Fañanás, Lourdes

doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.08.005

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In the short time since the publication of that review, over twenty additional studies have been published, most of which provide further evidence that childhood adversities are more common among those with psychosis, again across the spectrum. Perhaps most notably, in a prospective study of 1,112 adolescents, Kelleher et al found that cessation of trauma was associated with subsequent cessation of psychotic experiences.…”

Section: Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood adversities and psychosis: evidence, challenges, implications

2016

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There is a substantial body of research reporting evidence of associations between various forms of childhood adversity and psychosis, across the spectrum from experiences to disorder. This has been extended, more recently, to include studies of cumulative effects, of interactions with other factors, of specific effects, and of putative biological and psychological mechanisms. In this paper we evaluate this research and highlight the remaining methodological issues and gaps that temper, but do not dismiss, conclusions about the causal role of childhood adversity. We also consider the emerging work on cumulative, synergistic, and specific effects and on mechanisms; and discuss the broader implications of this line of research for our understanding of psychosis. We conclude that the current balance of evidence is that childhood adversities -particularly exposure to multiple adversities involving hostility and threat -do, in some people, contribute to the onset of psychotic experiences and psychotic disorders. There has been a flurry of research on the relationship between childhood adversity and psychosis over the past ten years. This has extended, more recently, to studies that have sought to elaborate on the nature of the relationship, by examining cumulative effects, interactions with other risk factors (e.g., genes), specificity of effects, and putative mechanisms.For some authors, the accumulated evidence unequivocally establishes that difficult and unpleasant experiences in childhood contribute to the development of psychoses 1 . For others, the evidence is not so clear cut 2 . At issue, in part at least, are fundamental questions about the nature and aetiology of psychosis. Much, then, is at stake and a further appraisal of the evidence is warranted. In this paper, we first summarize and critically evaluate research on the association between childhood adversities and psychosis (including low-level experiences, at risk states, and disorders). In doing this, we focus particularly on remaining methodological issues and gaps in the literature, and on research that has further investigated the nature of the association. We then reflect on the broader implications of this work for our understanding of psychosis. CHILDHOOD ADVERSITYChildhood adversity is a broad term that denotes exposure to a range of difficult or unpleasant situations or experiences, usually before the age of 16. The adversities typically considered in studies of psychoses include household poverty, separation from a parent (i.e., family breakdown), death of a parent, neglect, abuse (including emotional, psychological, physical, and sexual), and peer bullying.Estimates suggest that large numbers of children are exposed to such situations and experiences. In the UK, for example, according to estimates, over 3 million children (28%) live in poverty (defined as less than 60% of the average household income) 3 , over 3 million children (23% of those living in families) live in lone parent households 4 , around 6% of those aged 0-10 years and around...

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Section: Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood adversities and psychosis: evidence, challenges, implications

2016

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“…2006, Modinos ve ark. 2010, Alemany ve ark. 2015 kullanılan gruplandırma yöntemine benzer biçimde örneklem yeniden gruplandırılmıştır.…”

Section: Gruplar Ve Değişkenlerunclassified

Psychotic Experiences in the Adaptation Process to a New Social Environment

Mısır¹,

Özsoydan²,

Artuk³

et al. 2016

Turkish Journal of Psychiatry

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“…Studies examining a possible association between TLEs, symptoms and functional outcomes have yielded unclear results. Although some studies found evidence of a relationship between TLEs and positive symptoms (Ajnakina et al, 2016;Alemany et al, 2015;Duhig et al, 2015), others have failed to find any association (Janssen et al, 2004;van Nierop et al, 2014). Likewise, some studies reported more clinical severity in people with psychosis that reported having suffered TLEs (Aas et al, 2016;Ajnakina et al, 2016), but not others (Haahr et al, 2018;Lindgren et al, 2017;Trotta et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of traumatic life events on clinical variables of individuals with first-episode psychosis and healthy controls

Butjosa

Usall

Vila‐Badia

et al. 2022

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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Background: Traumatic life events (TLEs) are one of the most robust environmental risk factors for the onset of first-episode psychosis (FEP). Aims: To explore TLEs in FEP patients and healthy controls (HC), to analyze gender differences and to examine whether TLEs were associated with sociodemographic, clinical and psychofunctional variables in all FEP sample and split by age. Methods: Descriptive and cross-sectional study. Three hundred and thirty-five FEP and 253 HC were recruited at 16 Spanish mental health research centers. The Traumatic Experiences in Psychiatric Outpatients Questionnaire was administered. Results: We found a higher number of TLEs in FEP than in HC, and the proportion of individuals with three or more TLEs was significantly higher in the FEP group. No differences were found in terms of gender and age. There was no relationship between total number of TLEs and psychotic symptomatology and functional outcomes. Conclusions: The number and cumulative TLEs should be taken into account in the detection, epidemiology and process of recovery in FEP.

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Childhood abuse in the etiological continuum underlying psychosis from first-episode psychosis to psychotic experiences

Cited by 9 publications

References 47 publications

Childhood adversities and psychosis: evidence, challenges, implications

Childhood adversities and psychosis: evidence, challenges, implications

Psychotic Experiences in the Adaptation Process to a New Social Environment

Impact of traumatic life events on clinical variables of individuals with first-episode psychosis and healthy controls

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