Childhood adversities and psychopathology in participants with high and low severity of cognitive-attentional syndrome symptoms

Dragan, Małgorzata; Kowalski, Joachim

doi:10.1016/j.ejtd.2019.05.005

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The participants who scored above the 66th percentile in all four questionnaires were considered as having a high tendency to ruminate and those who scored below 33rd percentile as having a low tendency to ruminate. The rationale for and detailed description of this procedure are provided in previous works (Dragan & Kowalski, 2020 ; Kowalski et al, 2019 ; Kowalski & Dragan, 2019 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At least some part of the results could be explained by the clinical diagnosis and the severity of symptoms, not the presence of ACEs alone. The relationship between the presence of clinical diagnoses and rumination have been previously described in Dragan and Kowalski ( 2020 ). Another limitation is the lack of control of participants’ thoughts during the resting state.…”

Section: Conclusion and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Many self-report studies show that rumination is a mediator in the link between ACEs and adult psychopathology (e.g. Dragan & Kowalski, 2020 ; Kim, Jin, Jung, Hahn, & Lee, 2017 ; Raes & Hermans, 2008 ). Peters, Burkhouse, Kinney, and Phan ( 2019 ) noticed that there is substantial overlap between the functional correlates of ruminative thought patterns and emotion processing in early life adversity, including in the amygdala, anterior and posterior cingulate, medial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, (para-) hippocampus, medial and inferior temporal gyri, and inferior parietal lobule.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural functional connectivity during rumination in individuals with adverse childhood experiences

Sokołowski

Kowalski

Dragan

2022

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background Childhood adversity has been associated with greater risk of developing psychopathology, altered processing of emotional stimuli, and changes in neural functioning. Although the neural correlates of rumination have been previously described, little is known about how adverse childhood experiences are related to brain functioning during rumination. Objective This study explored differences in neural functional connectivity between participants with and without histories of childhood adversity, controlling for tendency to ruminate, during resting-state and induction of rumination. Method A total of 86 adults (51 women) took part. Based on a diagnostic clinical interview, participants were divided into groups with and without adverse childhood experiences. All participants underwent resting-state imaging and a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan where they performed a rumination induction task. Results Individuals with childhood adversities differed from those without adverse experiences in seed-based functional connectivity from right angular gyrus and left superior frontal gyrus during the rumination task. There were also group differences during resting-state in seed-based functional connectivity from the right angular gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, and left superior frontal gyrus. Conclusions Childhood adversity is associated with altered brain functioning during rumination and resting-state, even after controlling for tendency to ruminate. Our results shed light on the consequences of early adversity. People who experienced childhood adversities differ from those with no adverse experiences in brain functional connectivity when engaged in negative repetitive self-referential thinking.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conclusion and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural functional connectivity during rumination in individuals with adverse childhood experiences

Sokołowski

Kowalski

Dragan

2022

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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“…The sample included women and men in 94.34% of the studies. However, three (n = 3, 5.66%) of the fifty-three articles exclusively used a women's sample (Dragan & Kowalski, 2020;Kircanski et al, 2015Kircanski et al, , 2016. Most of the publications (n = 52, 98.11%) were written in English, and only one (n = 1, 1.89%) of them was in Spanish (Toro-Tobar et al, 2020).…”

Section: Studies Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transdiagnostic risk factors of emotional disorders in adults: A systematic review

Antuña-Camblor,

Peris-Baquero,

Juarros-Basterretxea

et al. 2024

An. psicol.

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Comorbidity is more the rule than the exception in mental health, specifically in the case of anxiety and depression. Transdiagnostic models studied the underlying processes to improve mental health treatment and understating. Objective: This systematic review searchs for evidence on transdiagnostic risk factors for anxiety and depression in the clinical population diagnosed with these psychopathological conditions, by analysing the different types or categories of factors identified. Methods: A systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (registration number CRD42022370327) and was designed according to PRISMA-P guidelines. Two independent reviewers with field knowledge assessed the study quality to reduce bias. Results: Fifty-three articles were examined, and the transdiagnostic variables were grouped into three categories: psychological, biological, and sociocultural. Conclusions: The most studied category was that of psychological variables, especially cognitive processes, negative affect, and neuroticism, intolerance of uncertainty, anxiety sensitivity. Biological and sociocultural factors require more study to support their transdiagnostic approach. La comorbilidad es más la regla que la excepción en salud mental y, sobre todo, en el caso de la ansiedad y la depresión. Los modelos transdiagnósticos estudian los procesos subyacentes para mejorar el tratamiento y la comprensión de la salud mental. Objetivo: Esta revisión sistemática busca evidencias sobre los factores de riesgo transdiagnósticos para la ansiedad y la depresión en la población clínica diagnosticada de estas condiciones psicopatológicas, analizando los diferentes tipos o categorías de factores identificados. Método: Se registró una revisión sistemática en PROSPERO (número de registro CRD42022370327) y se diseñó de acuerdo con las guías PRISMA-P. La calidad del estudio fue evaluada por dos revisores independientes con conocimiento del campo para reducir el posible sesgo. Resultados: Cincuenta y tres artículos fueron examinados y las variables transdiagnósticas fueron agrupadas en tres categorías: psicológicas, biológicas y socioculturales. Conclusiones: La categoría más estudiada fue la de variables psicológicas, en especial los procesos cognitivos, afecto negativo y neuroticismo, intolerancia a la incertidumbre, sensibilidad a la ansiedad. Los factores biológicos y socioculturales requieren más estudio para sustentar su enfoque transdiagnóstico.

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“…This process is understood in the S-REF model as the cause of emotional and other psychiatric disorders and their common core component. Numerous studies confirm that maladaptive metacognitive beliefs and symptoms of CAS are positively associated with a wide range of psychological and behavioral problems, including emotional disorders such as depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as trauma-related disorders such as adjustment disorder (AjD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Did Cognitive Attentional Syndrome Symptoms Predict Stress- and Trauma-Related Symptoms in the Initial Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic? Results from a Two-Wave Study on a Sample of Polish Internet Users

Dragan

Grajewski

2023

Brain Sciences

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Background: According to metacognitive theory, Cognitive Attentional Syndrome (CAS) is a transdiagnostic factor and a main mechanism of psychopathology maintenance. The main goal of this study is to examine whether CAS predicted stress- and trauma-related symptomatology in the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic and three months later. Methods: Initially, 1792 participants were recruited online via social media; the data were collected at two time points. The measures included the Cognitive Attentional Syndrome Questionnaire, the Adjustment Disorder—New Module 20, the International Trauma Questionnaire, and additional measures. Results: Structural equation modeling was conducted in order to determine the relations between the reported stressors, CAS, and symptomatology. At both time points, CAS was a significant mediator between the stressors and symptoms of adjustment disorder. Despite the decrease in the intensity of adjustment disorder symptoms between waves, it was a significant predictor of other psychopathologies at both time points, except for traumatic stress. Conclusions: The findings confirm the assumption that CAS is a transdiagnostic factor of psychopathology and has a mediating role in the relationship between stressors and adjustment disorder and co-occurring symptomatology. The effect was particularly significant in the initial phase of the pandemic, which was highly stressful for many people.

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Childhood adversities and psychopathology in participants with high and low severity of cognitive-attentional syndrome symptoms

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Neural functional connectivity during rumination in individuals with adverse childhood experiences

Neural functional connectivity during rumination in individuals with adverse childhood experiences

Transdiagnostic risk factors of emotional disorders in adults: A systematic review

Did Cognitive Attentional Syndrome Symptoms Predict Stress- and Trauma-Related Symptoms in the Initial Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic? Results from a Two-Wave Study on a Sample of Polish Internet Users

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