Childhood Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Adult Cardiovascular Events

Jacobs, David R.; Woo, Jessica G.; Sinaiko, Alan R.; Daniels, Stephen R.; Ikonen, Johanna; Juonala, Markus; Kartiosuo, Noora; Lehtimäki, Terho; Magnussen, Costan G.; Viikari, Jorma; Zhang, Nanhua; Bazzano, Lydia A.; Burns, Trudy L.; Prineas, Ronald J.; Steinberger, Julia; Urbina, Elaine M.; Venn, Alison; Raitakari, Olli; Dwyer, Terence

doi:10.1056/nejmoa2109191

Cited by 331 publications

(281 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For example, data from the i3C Consortium recently identified associations between CVRFs in childhood and adulthood, as well as changes in the severity of these risk factors from childhood to adulthood, with fatal and nonfatal CVD. 15 These findings support and expand on the already important work by Fan et al and reinforce the importance of surrogate measures of CVD such as PWV and cIMT, despite their infrequent use in routine clinical care (particularly in pediatric care). Early detection of subclinical CVD risk before manifest disease facilitates primary prevention strategies.…”

Section: What Is the Relative Impact Of The Cumulative Burden Of Vari...supporting

confidence: 85%

Measuring Cardiovascular Risk Across the Lifespan: When Should We Start Checking and What Should We Do About It?

Khoury

2022

Canadian Journal of Cardiology

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Section: What Is the Relative Impact Of The Cumulative Burden Of Vari...supporting

confidence: 85%

Measuring Cardiovascular Risk Across the Lifespan: When Should We Start Checking and What Should We Do About It?

Khoury

2022

Canadian Journal of Cardiology

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“…In the past three decades, the prevalence of pediatric overweight/obesity has dramatically increased ( 1 ). Overweight/obesity in childhood increases the risk of diet-related noninfectious diseases, which are closely related to cardiovascular events in adulthood ( 2 ). Pediatric overweight/obesity is also associated with metabolic diseases ( 3 ) and depression ( 4 ).…”

Section: The Epidemiological Characteristics Of Pediatric Overweight/...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of gut microbiota and metabolites in overweight and obesity of children

Zhang

Dang

2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents is an increasing public health problem. Pediatric overweight and obesity result from multiple factors, including genetic background, diet, and lifestyle. In addition, the gut microbiota and their metabolites play crucial roles in the progression of overweight and obesity of children. Therefore, we reviewed the roles of gut microbiota in overweight/obese children. The relationship between pediatric overweight/obesity and gut metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, medium-chain fatty acids, amino acids, amines, and bile acids, are also summarized. Targeting gut microbiota and metabolites might be a promising strategy for interventions aimed at reducing pediatric overweight/obesity.

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“…Excess weight (understood as the sum of overweight and obesity) in young people is one of the most relevant concerns in global public health, although it arose as a serious matter some decades ago [1]. Thus, having excess weight during childhood and adolescence is related to detrimental health problems throughout the life-course [2,3]. The least invasive and most widely used approach to treating obesity in childhood is lifestyle modification, including diet quality, physical activity (PA) levels and sedentary behaviors, and behavioral change techniques to help maintain positive changes and avoid relapses [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skipping breakfast and excess weight among young people: the moderator role of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity

et al. 2022

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The present study aimed to test whether the daily minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) engaged moderate the relationship between breakfast status and excess weight (i.e., overweight and/or obesity) in a Spanish sample of young people. A cross-sectional study involving a total sample of 2890 Spanish schoolchildren (46% girls) aged 6−17 years (M = 12.3 ± 2.6) was conducted. To determine the habit of having breakfast, a dichotomous item about breakfast status (yes/no) from the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and teenagers (KIDMED) was used. Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children and the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents were fulfilled to offer an estimation of the minutes of MVPA that individuals had in the last seven days. Body mass index (BMI) was converted into z-scores and, therefore, excess weight status (i.e., overweight and/or obesity) was established according to World Health Organization criteria for sex and age. Skipping breakfast was positively related with BMI (z-score) and excess weight. Moderation analyses suggested that daily MVPA minutes moderated the association between skipping breakfast and BMI (boys: β = − 0.175; girls: β = − 0.073) or the excess weight (boys: OR = 1.10; CI 95%, 1.02 to 1.07; girls: OR = 1.14; CI 95%, 1.04 to 1.24), meaning that physical activity of sufficient intensity seems to reduce the effect of skipping breakfast on the body weight status of young people.Conclusion: Our results indicate that promotion of having breakfast should be accompanied by daily MVPA, as young participants who have breakfast and with higher daily MVPA seem to be more likely to have no excess weight. What is Known:• Some of the well-studied factors associated with childhood obesity have been skipping breakfast and insufficient physical activity.• Some studies have pointed out the association between having breakfast and both body mass index and physical activity level, in isolation. What is New:• Daily minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity moderate the association between skipping breakfast and excess weight.• Breakfast promotion as a healthy eating habit should be accompanied by increases in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, since participants who have breakfast and with higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity seem to be more likely to have no excess weight.

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Childhood Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Adult Cardiovascular Events

Cited by 331 publications

References 24 publications

Measuring Cardiovascular Risk Across the Lifespan: When Should We Start Checking and What Should We Do About It?

Measuring Cardiovascular Risk Across the Lifespan: When Should We Start Checking and What Should We Do About It?

Roles of gut microbiota and metabolites in overweight and obesity of children

Skipping breakfast and excess weight among young people: the moderator role of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity

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