Childhood Derivatives of High and Low Reactivity in Infancy

Kagan, Jerome; Snidman, Nancy; Arcus, Doreen

doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1998.tb06171.x

Cited by 202 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Specifically, in the BI literature, the lack of approach is hypothesized to reflect the presence of fearful inhibition (Kagan, 1997;Kagan et al, 1998). Children who are high in BI are thought to possess the motivation to approach other people and novel stimuli but have anxiety/fear about doing so.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differentiation between low positive affectivity and behavioral inhibition in preschool-age children: A comparison of behavioral approach in novel and non-novel contexts

Laptook

Klein

Durbin

et al. 2008

Personality and Individual Differences

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The temperament constructs of low positive affectivity (PA) and high behavioral inhibition (BI) overlap and are often not differentiated in the research literature. In particular, both constructs are characterized by low approach and engagement. However, current theoretical conceptualizations of these constructs suggest that low PA should be associated with low approach across most contexts, whereas BI should be associated with low approach only in novel situations. The present study used laboratory measures of child temperament and behavior to test these hypotheses in a sample of 100 preschool-age children. Results indicated that in novel situations, both lower positive affect and higher BI predicted low behavioral approach. However, in non-novel situations, only lower levels of positive affect predicted lower levels of approach; BI was not related to approach behavior in more familiar contexts. In conclusion, this study indicates that the overlap between the temperament traits of low PA and high BI is limited to novel contexts and that these constructs are distinguished by behavior in non-novel situations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laboratory observational measures of BI frequently include markers of PA, such as smiling and laughter (e.g., Gest, 1997;Kagan, Snidman, & Arcus, 1998). In addition, many studies have conceptualized BI and PA as the opposite ends of a single dimension, defined by high BI at one end and high PA/exuberance at the other (Polak-Toste & Gunnar, 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation between low positive affectivity and behavioral inhibition in preschool-age children: A comparison of behavioral approach in novel and non-novel contexts

Laptook

Klein

Durbin

et al. 2008

Personality and Individual Differences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Estos atributos fisiológicos del temperamento se mantendrían en la infancia y adolescencia y se explicarían por un menor umbral en la reactividad de la amígdala [22][23][24][25][26][27] . 2) Los individuos con niveles altos de ED se caracterizan por presentar conductas inhibidas frente a estímu-los aversivos y tienen mayores niveles de ansiedad y tendencia a desarrollar trastornos de ansiedad 21,22 .…”

Section: N V E S T I G a C I ó Nunclassified

Factores psicobiológicos en vitiligo infantil: Posible rol en su génesis e impacto en la calidad de vida

2009

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respectively). There was a negative correlation (protective factor) between the character dimension "self-directedness" and CDLQI score (r =-0.703). Conclusions: In this group of patients, we found a possible relationship between a specific temperament dimension, vitiligo and its impact on life quality (Rev Méd Chile 2009; 137: 53-62Su etiopatogenia ha sido estudiada exhaustivamente en las últimas décadas, sin embargo, aún existe poca claridad sobre ésta. Se han postulado 4 teorías principales sobre sus posibles causas que corresponden a la teoría genética, teoría de E l vitiligo es una enfermedad adquirida caracterizada por la despigmentación progresiva de la epidermis secundaria a la destrucción de los

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“…Examples of heterotypic continuity are evident in the literature. For instance, Kagan, Snidman, and Arcus (1998) found 4-month-old infants who reacted to novel stimuli with high amounts of Negative Affect and activity were likely to avoid interaction with peers at 4 years of age. Heterogeneity is similarly evident in items used to assess temperament dimensions through parent report.…”

Section: Smiling and Laughtermentioning

confidence: 99%

Homotypic and heterotypic continuity of fine‐grained temperament during infancy, toddlerhood, and early childhood

Putnam

Rothbart

Gartstein

2008

Infant and Child Development

294

256

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Longitudinal continuity was investigated for fine‐grained and factor‐level aspects of temperament measured with the Infant Behaviour Questionnaire‐Revised (IBQ‐R), Early Childhood Behaviour Questionnaire (ECBQ), and Children's Behaviour Questionnaire (CBQ). Considerable homotypic continuity was found. Convergent and discriminant validity of the measures was supported, as all fine‐grained dimensions exhibited stability across adjacent measurement periods, and all scales found on both the ECBQ and CBQ were most highly correlated with their equivalent scales. At the factor level, Surgency and Negative Affect factors were stable across all time points, and Effortful Control/Regulatory Capacity was stable across adjacent time periods. High‐Intensity Pleasure, Activity Level, and Impulsivity contributed strongly to continuity of Surgency, and Sadness, Frustration, and Falling Reactivity played strong roles in the continuity of Negative Affect. Heterotypic continuity was also found. High levels of Infant Surgency predicted high toddler Effortful Control, whereas high toddler Surgency predicted low Effortful Control in preschoolers. Infant Surgency dimensions especially predicted Toddler Attention Shifting and Low‐Intensity Pleasure, and toddler Activity Level was most closely associated with later deficits in Effortful Control. Inverse relations were also obtained between Negative Affect and Effortful Control, with substantial negative connections between toddler Negative Affect and preschool Attention Focusing and Inhibitory Control. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Childhood Derivatives of High and Low Reactivity in Infancy

Cited by 202 publications

References 20 publications

Differentiation between low positive affectivity and behavioral inhibition in preschool-age children: A comparison of behavioral approach in novel and non-novel contexts

Differentiation between low positive affectivity and behavioral inhibition in preschool-age children: A comparison of behavioral approach in novel and non-novel contexts

Factores psicobiológicos en vitiligo infantil: Posible rol en su génesis e impacto en la calidad de vida

Homotypic and heterotypic continuity of fine‐grained temperament during infancy, toddlerhood, and early childhood

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