Childhood Diarrhoea in Calabar: an 8-year review

Ochigbo, S O; Anah, MU; Udo, JJ; Uniga, J A; Ogon, O M

doi:10.4314/gjms.v6i2.10168

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…More than half of our subjects were below 24months of age in this study, which agrees with other reports that diarrhoea is more common in children aged less than 24 months 4,5,9,11,15 . Many reasons have been advanced for this high incidence in children less than 24months, one of which is the causative agent that is common in this age group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This was similar to the 1.4:1 male to female ratio recorded on childhood diarrhoea admissions in the same centre four years earlier. 15 The reasons for this male preponderance are not quite clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The medical team in the CHER consists of consultants, senior and junior residents in paediatrics, house officers and paediatric-trained nurses. 15 In the DTU, children receive oral rehydration solution (ORS), and their mothers are trained on home management of diarrhoea. In addition, the DTU offers training for medical students, nurses, resident doctors and house officers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of hypoglycaemia in under-five children presenting with acute diarrhoea in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar.

Ntia¹,

Anah²,

Udo³

et al. 2012

Nig. J. Paed.

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Background: The clinical features of hypoglycaemia and severe dehydration are similar, and these two can occur in a child presenting with acute diarrhoea. Hypoglycaemia occurring in a growing brain is deleterious and must be detected and treated. Objective: To determine the prevalence of hypoglycaemia among under-five children presenting with acute diarrhoea in UCTH, Calabar. Method: This was a prospective study of 150 children aged six weeks to five years presenting with acute diarrhoea in UCTH, Calabar from June 1st to October 31st 2008. Consecutive children who met the inclusion criteria were recruited into the study. Blood samples were collected for random blood sugar and serum electrotype estimation using One Touch Ultra Test Strips 2006 model and Flame photometry respectively. Results: The overall prevalence of hypoglycaemia in under-five children presenting with acute diarrhoea was 4%. There was no sex difference. It was commonest among children of the low socioeconomic class (83.3%). Risk factors to developing hypoglycaemia were longer duration of last feeds greater than five hours and severe dehydration, both reaching statistically significant differences (p=0.022 and 0.002; FET respectively). Forty percent of patients who died had hypoglycaemia constituting 33.3% of patients with hypoglycaemia. Conclusion: Children with diarrhoea complicated with severe dehydration are prone to developing hypoglycaemia. It causes high mortality and thus this parameter should be checked for and managed on time.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence of hypoglycaemia in under-five children presenting with acute diarrhoea in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar.

Ntia¹,

Anah²,

Udo³

et al. 2012

Nig. J. Paed.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Nearly all (n = 131/136; 96.3%), of the stool, analyzed yielded microscopic and culture-negative results. In line with the previous studies, [10,21,23,29] our result suggests that viral infection (possibly rotavirus) that was not cultured contributes hugely to the burden of diarrheal diseases among our cohort of babies. Five children that had positive stool growth were below 3 years of age and also were those with blood in the stool.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Pattern of bacteriological and biochemical profile and determinants of metabolic acidosis among under-fives with diarrheal diseases at the diarrhea treatment and training unit of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria

Enyuma

Ikpeme

Olorunfemi

et al. 2022

CJHS

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Objectives: Dehydration and electrolyte derangements are major causes of morbidity and mortality in diarrhea disease. We aimed to evaluate the pattern and determinants of electrolyte derangements and isolates in a stool sample of under-fives with diarrhea at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective and cross-sectional study of 136 under-fives admitted into the diarrheal training and treatment unit who were consecutively recruited. Patients were tested for association using Pearson’s Chi-square, Kruskal–Wallis’ test, and logistic regression modeling. Results: A total of 136 babies were recruited. Three of the stool sample were culture positive for non-specified Escherichia coli, another two grew Entamoeba histolytica. Almost half (n = 56/136, 41.2%) of the children had metabolic acidosis. Predictors of acidosis included severe dehydration (adjOR: 5.76, 95%CI: 1.54–21.50, P = 0.009), ≤3 months breastfeeding (AdjOR 0.39, 95%CI: 0.153–0.997, P = 0.049), and fever (adjOR 6.30, 95%CI: 1.74–22.83, P = 0.005). Conclusion: Metabolic acidosis was common with diarrhea for which exclusive breastfeeding was protective in this study. Although few, the growth of E. histolytica implicates sanitary conditions and suggests the viral origin of diarrhea, hence strongly supports the introduction of rotavirus vaccine in our national routine immunization schedule while proper use of ORS may impact positively on the metabolic complication of diarrheal disease in the tropics.

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“…This prospective study was conducted in the Diarrhoea Treatment/Training Unit (DTU) of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital in the Southern tip of Nigeria. The unit earlier described by Ochigbo et al 11 is a sub -unit of the Children's Emergency Room of the Hospital and it admits an average of 30-40 patients per month with acute watery diarrhoea.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Infection in hospitalized under-5 children with acute watery diarrhoea in Calabar, Nigeria.

Ntia¹,

Anah²,

Eyong³

et al. 2012

Nig. J. Paed.

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Background: The signs and symptoms of HIV/AIDS in children are not quite distinct because of similarities in clinical presentation between HIV infection and endemic tropical diseases. Diarrhoea, one of the cardinal symptoms of HIV/AIDS, is a common childhood disease. Objective: This study was conducted to find the prevalence of HIV infection among children admitted with acute watery diarrhoea in our diarrhoea treatment and training unit. Method: Consecutive children aged below 5 years admitted into the unit with diarrhoea were recruited. The children were examined. The parents were counseled before blood was taken for HIV screening. In addition, parents of children who were sero-positive for HIV were also screened. Results: One hundred and fifty-two who made the inclusion criteria were studied. Eight (5.3%) were sero-positive for HIV, five of them being males. None of these mothers had antenatal care and they were all delivered at either home or traditional attendants' homes. All were under weight and six of them presented with severe dehydration. These factors reached statistical significant differences between children who were sero-positive and those who were not. None of these eight patients died from acute watery diarrhoea but two of them eventually died from complications of persistent diarrhoea. Conclusion: Children with HIV may present with acute watery diarrhoea. Children with diarrhoea that are underweight with severe dehydration whose sero-status are not known should be screened for HIV.

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Childhood Diarrhoea in Calabar: an 8-year review

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of hypoglycaemia in under-five children presenting with acute diarrhoea in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar.

Prevalence of hypoglycaemia in under-five children presenting with acute diarrhoea in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar.

Pattern of bacteriological and biochemical profile and determinants of metabolic acidosis among under-fives with diarrheal diseases at the diarrhea treatment and training unit of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria

HIV Infection in hospitalized under-5 children with acute watery diarrhoea in Calabar, Nigeria.

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