Childhood Factors Affecting Persistence and Desistence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Adulthood: Results From the MTA

Roy, Arunima; Hechtman, Lily; Arnold, L. Eugene; Sibley, Margaret H.; Molina, Brooke S. G.; Howard, Andrea L.; Vitiello, Benedetto; Severe, Joanne B.; Jensen, Peter S.; Hoagwood, Kimberly; Richters, John E.; Vereen, Donald; Hinshaw, Stephen P.; Elliott, Glen R.; Wells, Karen C.; Epstein, Jeffery N.; Murray, Desiree W.; Conners, C. Keith; March, John S.; Swanson, James M.; Wigal, Timothy; Cantwell, Dennis P.; Abikoff, Howard; Greenhill, Laurence L.; Newcorn, Jeffrey H.; Hoza, Betsy; Pelham, William E.; Gibbons, Robert D.; Marcus, Sue M.; Hur, Kwan; Kraemer, Helena C.; Hanley, Thomas; Stern, Karen

doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2016.05.027

Cited by 71 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The rate of caesarean section delivery was lower by more than half that of patients with ASDs attending the same clinic (26). However, the rate of consanguineous marriages among the parents of ADHD patients was similar to that reported in the general population and among patients with ASDs (26,27).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Outcomes of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: global functioning and symptoms persistence

Ansari

Hamadeh

Jahrami

et al. 2017

East Mediterr Health J

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Impact du trouble de déficit de l'attention avec hyperactivité chez l'enfant : fonctionnement général et persistance des symptômesRÉSUMÉ De nombreux adolescents affectés par le trouble de déficit de l'attention avec hyperactivité (TDAH) montrent des comportements antisociaux et des faibles résultats scolaires. Ces problèmes n'ont pas été validés dans la Région de la Méditerranée orientale de l'Organisation mondiale de la Santé. L'objectif de la présente étude était d'évaluer le fonctionnement général et le comportement des enfants passés à l'adolescence 10 ans après le diagnostic initial du TDAH. Les parents ont été interrogés au moyen d'un questionnaire structuré, de la version abrégée du questionnaire de Conners et de l'échelle d'évaluation globale du fonctionnement de l'enfant. Près de la moitié de l'échantillon avait des faibles résultats scolaires et 36 % n'avaient pas d'amis. Un quart des cas étaient des fumeurs, un d'entre eux avait admis l'usage de substances psychoactives et un autre avait fait une tentative de suicide. Un tiers de l'échantillon avait continué d'avoir des symptômes du TDAH. Les adolescents affectés par le TDAH avaient les mêmes performances scolaires et les mêmes relations avec les pairs que dans les rapports publiés. Par contre, ils avaient des représentations différentes en ce qui concerne la consommation de drogues, le suicide ainsi que d'autres comportements impulsifs. Une étude de suivi menée à l'âge adulte à l'aide d'un groupe témoin a été recommandée. The objective of this study was to assess the global functioning and behaviour of children with ADHD growing into adolescence 10 years after initial diagnosis. Parents were interviewed using a structured questionnaire, Conner's Short Version Test and the Children's Global Assessment Scale. Nearly half of our sample had low academic achievement and 36% had no friends. A quarter of the cases were smokers, one admitted abusing drugs and one had attempted suicide. One third of the sample continued to have ADHD symptoms. Adolescents with ADHD had similar school performance and peer relationships to those reported previously, but differences with regard to drug use, suicide and other impulsive behaviour. A follow-up study into adult life using a control group is recommended. ‫األعراض‬ ‫واستمرار‬ ‫العام‬ ‫األداء‬

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Outcomes of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: global functioning and symptoms persistence

Ansari

Hamadeh

Jahrami

et al. 2017

East Mediterr Health J

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“…However, we should point out that the persistence group also has more comorbidity, e.g., anxiety, depression, MUD, and these comorbidities may also be contributing to negative outcomes. A recent paper by Roy et al 23 explored childhood factors that may be associated with or contribute to persistence of ADHD symptoms in adulthood. Important predictive factors included baseline initial ADHD symptom severity, parental mental health, and parenting practices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Adult Outcomes 16 Years After Childhood Diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: MTA Results

Hechtman

Swanson

Sibley

et al. 2016

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

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234

233

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Objective To compare educational, occupational, legal, emotional, substance use disorder, and sexual-behavior outcomes in young adults with persistent and desistent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and a local normative comparison group (LNCG) in the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with ADHD (MTA). Method Data were collected 12, 14, and 16 years post-baseline (mean age 24.7 years at 16 years post-baseline) from 476 participants with ADHD diagnosed at age 7–9, and 241 age- and sex-matched classmates. Probands were subgrouped on persistence vs. desistence of DSM-5 symptom count. Orthogonal comparisons contrasted ADHD vs. LNCG and Symptom-Persistent (50%) vs. Symptom-Desistent (50%) subgroups. Functional outcomes were measured with standardized and demographic instruments. Results Three patterns of functional outcomes emerged. Post-secondary education, times fired/quit a job, current income, receiving public assistance, and risky sexual behavior showed the most common pattern: the LNCG fared best, Symptom-Persistent ADHD worst, and Symptom-Desistent ADHD between, with largest effect sizes between LNCG and Symptom-Persistent ADHD. In the second pattern, seen with emotional outcomes (emotional lability, neuroticism, anxiety disorder, mood disorder) and substance use outcomes, the LNCG and Symptom-Desistent ADHD did not differ, but both fared better than Symptom-Persistent ADHD. In the third pattern, noted with jail time (rare), alcohol use disorder (common), and number of jobs held, group differences were not significant. The ADHD group had 10 deaths compared to one in the LNCG. Conclusion Adult functioning after childhood ADHD varies by domain and is generally worse when ADHD symptoms persist. It is important to identify factors and interventions that promote better functional outcomes.

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“…An analysis of the MTA evaluated childhood factors influencing persistence of ADHD into adulthood at a mean age of 24.7 years [52]. ADHD symptom severity, comorbidities, and parental mental health problems were the most important risk factors for persistence, while childhood IQ, socioeconomic status, parental education, and parent-child relationships showed no association with persistence.…”

Section: Predictors Of Adhd Persistence From Childhood To Adulthoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Span Studies of ADHD—Conceptual Challenges and Predictors of Persistence and Outcome

Caye

Swanson

Thapar

et al. 2016

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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109

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There is a renewed interest in better conceptualizing trajectories of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from childhood to adulthood, driven by an increased recognition of long-term impairment and potential persistence beyond childhood and adolescence. This review addresses the following major issues relevant to the course of ADHD in light of current evidence from longitudinal studies: (1) conceptual and methodological issues related to measurement of persistence of ADHD, (2) estimates of persistence rate from childhood to adulthood and its predictors, (3) long-term negative outcomes of childhood ADHD and their early predictors, and (4) the recently proposed new adult-onset ADHD. Estimates of persistence vary widely in the literature, and diagnostic criteria, sample characteristics, and information source are the most important factors explaining variability among studies. Evidence indicates that ADHD severity, comorbid conduct disorder and major depressive disorder, and treatment for ADHD are the main predictors of ADHD persistence from childhood to adulthood. Comorbid conduct disorder and ADHD severity in childhood are the most important predictors of adverse outcomes in adulthood among children with ADHD. Three recent population studies suggested the existence of a significant proportion of individuals who report onset of ADHD symptoms and impairments after childhood. Finally, we highlight areas for improvement to increase our understanding of ADHD across the life span.

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Childhood Factors Affecting Persistence and Desistence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Adulthood: Results From the MTA

Cited by 71 publications

References 41 publications

Outcomes of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: global functioning and symptoms persistence

Outcomes of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: global functioning and symptoms persistence

Functional Adult Outcomes 16 Years After Childhood Diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: MTA Results

Life Span Studies of ADHD—Conceptual Challenges and Predictors of Persistence and Outcome

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