Mary Douglas is generally regarded as a faithful disciple of Durkheim. Yet her classic work Purity and Danger is best understood as premised upon a fundamental disagreement with Durkheim, who she accused of conflating purity with 'the sacred' and impurity with 'the profane'. Key to this disagreement was the theoretical status of the 'busy scrubbings' of everyday housework. This disagreement has had a substantial legacy since, in turning her attention to purity and impurity in their specificity, Douglas bequeathed anthropology and sociology a theory of purity and impurity that has remained an important, perhaps even dominant, paradigm. This paradigm has been identified as an exemplar of synchronic analysis. Yet this paradigm itself is the product of a specific historical and intellectual context, little recognised today. Attending to this context holds opens possibilities, which have otherwise tended to be neglected, for theorising purity and impurity in their specificity.