Childhood maltreatment and cognitive functioning in patients with major depressive disorder: a CAN-BIND-1 report

Abstract

BackgroundPatients with major depressive disorder (MDD) display cognitive deficits in acutely depressed and remitted states. Childhood maltreatment is associated with cognitive dysfunction in adults, but its impact on cognition and treatment related cognitive outcomes in adult MDD has received little consideration. We investigate whether, compared to patients without maltreatment and healthy participants, adult MDD patients with childhood maltreatment display greater cognitive deficits in acute depression, lower treatment-associated cognitive improvements, and lower cognitive performance in remission.MethodsHealthy and acutely depressed MDD participants were enrolled in a multi-center MDD predictive marker discovery trial. MDD participants received 16 weeks of standardized antidepressant treatment. Maltreatment and cognition were assessed with the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse interview and the CNS Vital Signs battery, respectively. Cognitive scores and change from baseline to week 16 were compared amongst MDD participants with (DM+, n = 93) and without maltreatment (DM−, n = 90), and healthy participants with (HM+, n = 22) and without maltreatment (HM−, n = 80). Separate analyses in MDD participants who remitted were conducted.ResultsDM+ had lower baseline global cognition, processing speed, and memory v. HM−, with no significant baseline differences amongst DM−, HM+, and HM− groups. There were no significant between-group differences in cognitive change over 16 weeks. Post-treatment remitted DM+, but not remitted DM−, scored significantly lower than HM− in working memory and processing speed.ConclusionsChildhood maltreatment was associated with cognitive deficits in depressed and remitted adults with MDD. Maltreatment may be a risk factor for more severe and persistent cognitive deficits in adult MDD.

Cognitive subgroups in first episode bipolar I disorder: Relation to clinical and brain volumetric variables

“…Interestingly, HP patients endorsed less childhood trauma than SI and GI patients. Although highly preliminary given the small size of the HP group, these results are is consistent with previous observations that lack of childhood trauma may be a protective factor against cognitive dysfunction in mood disorders 34,39 …”

“…Although highly preliminary given the small size of the HP group, these results are is consistent with previous observations that lack of childhood trauma may be a protective factor against cognitive dysfunction in mood disorders. 34,39 Our findings collectively suggest that though GI patients may have experienced a more detrimental cognitive course early in life, more pronounced neurobiological and cognitive changes occurred in this group in later neurodevelopment. GI patients had lower educational attainment than HC and had the numerically (though not statistically significant) lowest premorbid IQ amongst all groups.…”

Relaciones del maltrato en la infancia con el trastorno depresivo mayor, el trastorno de estrés postraumático y el trastorno de estrés postraumático complejo en la vida adulta

“…La infancia es una etapa fundamental en el desarrollo de un individuo, en la que factores ambientales estresantes como el MI puede generar un amplio daño posiblemente por las alteraciones que generan en el desarrollo del sistema nervioso central en los niños (Amores-Villalba & Mateos-Mateos, 2017; Chartier, Walker, & Naimark, 2010;Ohashi et al, 2017). Una gran cantidad de estudios relacionan los distintos tipos de MI con el desarrollo de trastornos psiquiátricos en la vida adulta como el TDM (Burlaka et al, 2020;Carvalho Fernando et al, 2012;Chakrabarty et al, 2020;Chapman et al, 2004;Kendler et al, 1999;Nanni et al, 2012;Negele et al, 2015;Nelson et al, 2017;Toyoshima et al, 2020), el TEPT (Breslau et al, 2014;Marty & César, 2005;Ohashi et al, 2017;Perez et al, 2017;Spinhoven et al, 2016;Stevens et al, 2013) y el TEPTC (Bondjers et al, 2019;Ho et al, 2020). Los estudios fueron llevados a cabo en distintos continentes como África (Kounou et al, 2013), Europa (Burlaka et al, 2020;Carvalho Fernando et al, 2012;Dias et al, 2017), América (Chakrabarty et al, 2020;Khan et al, 2015;Ortiz-Guzmán et al, 2018;Waikamp & Barcellos Serralta, 2018), Asia (Peh et al, 2017;Shen, 2009;Toyoshima et al, 2020;Yazici Gulec et al, 2012) y Oceanía (Scott et al, 2010).…”

“…Una gran cantidad de estudios relacionan los distintos tipos de MI con el desarrollo de trastornos psiquiátricos en la vida adulta como el TDM (Burlaka et al, 2020;Carvalho Fernando et al, 2012;Chakrabarty et al, 2020;Chapman et al, 2004;Kendler et al, 1999;Nanni et al, 2012;Negele et al, 2015;Nelson et al, 2017;Toyoshima et al, 2020), el TEPT (Breslau et al, 2014;Marty & César, 2005;Ohashi et al, 2017;Perez et al, 2017;Spinhoven et al, 2016;Stevens et al, 2013) y el TEPTC (Bondjers et al, 2019;Ho et al, 2020). Los estudios fueron llevados a cabo en distintos continentes como África (Kounou et al, 2013), Europa (Burlaka et al, 2020;Carvalho Fernando et al, 2012;Dias et al, 2017), América (Chakrabarty et al, 2020;Khan et al, 2015;Ortiz-Guzmán et al, 2018;Waikamp & Barcellos Serralta, 2018), Asia (Peh et al, 2017;Shen, 2009;Toyoshima et al, 2020;Yazici Gulec et al, 2012) y Oceanía (Scott et al, 2010). Las investigaciones en relación al MI y el desarrollo de sintomatología psicopatológica indica una robusta relación positiva entre estas variables, de forma que el Maltrato Físico, el Maltrato Emocional, el Abuso Sexual, la Negligencia Física y la Negligencia Emocional se vincularían con el surgimiento de síntomas psicopatológicos como los de TDM y TEPT (Waikamp & Barcellos Serralta, 2018).…”

“…Por otra parte, un estudio realizado en China indicó relaciones positivas entre el MI de tipo emocional comparado con otros tipos de maltrato (MI del tipo Abuso Sexual, MI físico, MI negligencia emocional, MI negligencia física) y el desarrollo de síntomas de depresión (Zhou et al, 2019). Así también, se observó una mayor disfunción cognitiva en pacientes con TDM que sufrieron MI comparado con pacientes sin MI (Chakrabarty et al, 2020). Asimismo, un estudio comparativo entre mujeres que sufrieron MI y posteriormente violencia en la pareja arriba a la conclusión de que la Negligencia Emocional se relaciona mayormente con el surgimiento de síntomas de TDM (Lang et al, 2004).…”