Childhood Psychiatric Disorders and Young Adult Crime: A Prospective, Population-Based Study

Copeland, William E.; Miller-Johnson, Shari; Keeler, Gordon; Angold, Adrian; Costello, E. Jane

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.06122026

Cited by 194 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Irrespective of differences in design and methodology, several population-based studies were able to consistently link child and adolescent conduct problems to later criminal outcomes in adulthood [4,8,10,15,16,22,29,36,39,44,51]. Another risk factor was substance abuse, with community-based studies reporting that early drug use, including alcohol use, were related to later criminal outcomes [5,10,21,51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another risk factor was substance abuse, with community-based studies reporting that early drug use, including alcohol use, were related to later criminal outcomes [5,10,21,51]. Additionally, the consumption of so-called hard drugs predicted persistent criminal offending behaviours even when controlling for other forms of conduct problems [10,51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the adolescent internalizing disorders do not seem to play an equally important role in the prediction of adult crime. Only one study found anxiety and depression, when comorbid with substance abuse, to be associated with adult crime [10]. However, other studies failed to find a relationship between adolescent internalizing disorders and adult crime when controlling for externalizing disorders [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, none of these methods will provide a complete picture of crime. In previous studies, self-reported delinquency questionnaires [8,14,16,29,36,39,51], police reports [22,44], official charges [10] or convictions [14,22,36] were used to measure criminal outcomes in adulthood. Few studies have reported both self-reported and official information on criminal behaviours [14,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to socioeconomic and cultural differences, psychosocial risk factors including SES, migration background, familial and other social stressors and child rearing styles may have a different impact in various countries. Given the findings of previous international studies, it was hypothesized that problematic alcohol use, drug abuse and externalizing mental health problems constitute universal risk factors for later criminal behaviour [4,8,10,15,16,22,29,36,39,44,51]. We also analysed the interaction between sex of the proband and other predictors and then tested an abbreviated 6 externalizing problem scale without the items indicating a specific relationship to criminal behaviours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Problem coping skills, psychosocial adversities and mental health problems in children and adolescents as predictors of criminal outcomes in young adulthood

Aebi

Giger

Plattner

et al. 2013

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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The purpose of this study was to test child and adolescent psychosocial and psychopathological risk factors as predictors of adult criminal outcomes in a Swiss community sample. In particular, the role of active and avoidant problem coping in youths was analysed. Prevalence rates of young adult crime convictions based on register data were calculated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyse the prediction of adult criminal convictions 15 years after assessment in a large Swiss community sample of children and adolescents (n = 1,086). Risk factors assessed in childhood and adolescence included socio-economic status (SES), migration background, perceived parental behaviour, familial and other social stressors, coping styles, externalizing and internalizing problems and drug abuse including problematic alcohol consumption. The rate of any young adult conviction was 10.1 %. Besides externalizing problems and problematic alcohol consumption, the presence of any criminal conviction in young adulthood was predicted by low SES and avoidant coping even after controlling for the effects of externalizing problems and problematic alcohol use. The other predictors were significant only when externalizing behaviours and problematic alcohol use were not controlled. In addition to child and adolescent externalizing behaviour problems and substance use, low SES and inadequate problem-solving skills, in terms of avoidant coping, are major risk factors of young adult criminal outcomes and need to be considered in forensic research and criminal prevention programs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Problem coping skills, psychosocial adversities and mental health problems in children and adolescents as predictors of criminal outcomes in young adulthood

Aebi

Giger

Plattner

et al. 2013

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Migration From Mexico to the United States and Conduct Disorder

Breslau

Borges

Saito

et al. 2011

Arch Gen Psychiatry

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Context Twin studies suggest that Conduct Disorder (CD) is under substantial genetic influence, which is stronger for aggressive than for non-aggressive symptoms. Studies of migrating populations offer an alternative strategy for separating environmental and genetic influences on psychopathology. Objective To examine variation in the prevalence of CD associated with migration from Mexico to the US and whether this variation is similar for aggressive and non-aggressive CD symptoms and symptom profiles. Design The prevalence of CD, different types of CD symptoms and CD symptom profiles were compared across three generations of people of Mexican origin with increasing levels of exposure to American culture: families of origin of migrants (in Mexico), children of Mexican migrants raised in the US and Mexican-American children of US-born parents. Setting General population surveys conducted in Mexico and the US using the same diagnostic interview. Participants Adults age 18–44 in the household population of Mexico and the household population of people of Mexican descent in the US. Main Outcome Measures CD criteria assessed using the World Mental Health version of the Composite International Diagnostic Instrument (WMH-CIDI). Results Compared with families of origin of migrants, risk of CD is lower in the general population of Mexico (OR=0.54, 95% CI 0.19–1.51), higher in children of Mexican-born immigrants who are raised in the US (OR=4.12, 95% CI 1.47–11.52) and higher still in Mexican-American children of US-born parents (OR=7.64, 95% CI 3.20–18.27). The association with migration is markedly weaker for aggressive than for non-aggressive symptoms. Conclusions The prevalence of CD increases dramatically across generations of the Mexican-origin population following migration to the US. This increase is of larger magnitude for non-aggressive than for aggressive symptoms, consistent with the suggestion that non-aggressive symptoms are more strongly influenced by environmental factors than aggressive symptoms.

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Emotional and Behavioral Symptom Network Structure in Elementary School Girls and Association With Anxiety Disorders and Depression in Adolescence and Early Adulthood

et al. 2018

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The onset of adult psychopathologic disorders can be traced to behavioral or emotional symptoms observed in childhood, which could be targeted in early interventions to prevent future mental disorders. The network perspective is a novel conceptualization of psychopathologic disorders that could help to identify target symptoms with a distinct role in the emergence of mental illness. OBJECTIVE To assess whether the network structure of emotional and behavioral symptoms among elementary school girls is associated with anxiety disorders or major depression in early adulthood. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The Quebec Longitudinal Study of Kindergarten Children is an ongoing, prospective, population-based study of kindergarten children attending French-speaking state schools in the Canadian province of Quebec in 1986-1988. This study included 932 girls whose parents completed the Social Behavior Questionnaire when the girls were ages 6 (baseline), 8, and 10 years; 780 participants were interviewed to assess the presence of mental disorders at age 15 and/or 22 years. Data analysis was conducted from December 2016 to April 2018. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Gaussian graphical models were estimated for 33 symptoms (eg, internalizing, externalizing, and prosocial behaviors) assessed using the Social Behavior Questionnaire to evaluate the temporal stability of the symptom network through childhood. At follow-up time points, mental disorders were assessed using the DSM-III-R, and symptom networks were reestimated at ages 6 to 10 years, this time including a variable indicative of future diagnosis. RESULTS At baseline, the mean (SD) age of the 932 girls was 6.0 (0.3) years. Among the 780 women assessed at follow-up, 270 (34.6%) and 128 (16.4%) had developed anxiety disorders and major depression, respectively. Symptoms clustered in internalizing and externalizing communities. Five symptoms-irritable, blames others, not liked by others, often cries, and solitary-emerged as bridge symptoms between the disruptive and internalizing communities. These symptoms were those that were connected with the highest regularized edge weights (from 0.015 to 0.076) to future anxiety disorders once added to the network. Bootstrapped 95% CIs ranged from (95% CI, −0.063 to 0.068) to (95% CI, 0.561 to 0.701) for positive edges and from (95% CI, −0.156 to 0.027) to (95% CI, −0.081 to 0.078) for negative edges included in the regularized network. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Bridge symptoms between disruptive and internalizing communities are identified for the first time in childhood, and these findings suggest that these symptoms could be central in indicating probable later anxiety disorders. The study suggests that bridge symptoms should be investigated further as potential early targets in disease-prevention interventions.

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Childhood Psychiatric Disorders and Young Adult Crime: A Prospective, Population-Based Study

Abstract: The authors found that children with specific patterns of psychopathology with and without conduct disorder were at risk of later criminality. Effective identification and treatment of children with such patterns may reduce later crime.

Cited by 194 publications

References 37 publications

Problem coping skills, psychosocial adversities and mental health problems in children and adolescents as predictors of criminal outcomes in young adulthood

Problem coping skills, psychosocial adversities and mental health problems in children and adolescents as predictors of criminal outcomes in young adulthood

Migration From Mexico to the United States and Conduct Disorder

Emotional and Behavioral Symptom Network Structure in Elementary School Girls and Association With Anxiety Disorders and Depression in Adolescence and Early Adulthood

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