Childhood Trauma and Psychosis: The Genie Is Out of the Bottle

Hammersley, Paul; Read, John; Woodall, Stephanie; Dillon, Jacqueline

doi:10.4324/9780203836286-2

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The dearth of research on conflict exposure and psychosis in youth is significant because of the connections between early-life stress and psychosis development. This elevated risk has been observed in child abuse victims (Choi et al 2015), various forms of maltreatment (Read et al 2008) and other childhood traumas (Hammersley et al 2008; Bentall et al 2012). Research has shown early life trauma and major adversities before age 18 are predictive of later psychosis and can increase the risk of developing psychotic illness by up to threefold later in life (Varese et al 2012; Russo et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A comparative study of psychotic and affective symptoms in Rwandan and Kenyan students

Owoso

Jansen

Ndetei

et al. 2017

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims. War and conflict are known to adversely affect mental health, although their effects on risk symptoms for psychosis development in youth in various parts of the world are unclear. The Rwandan genocide of 1994 and Civil War had widespread effects on the population. Despite this, there has been no significant research on psychosis risk in Rwanda. Our goal in the present study was to investigate the potential effects of genocide and war in two ways: by comparing Rwandan youth born before and after the genocide; and by comparing Rwandan and Kenyan adolescents of similar age.Methods. A total of 2255 Rwandan students and 2800 Kenyan students were administered the Washington Early Recognition Center Affectivity and Psychosis (WERCAP) Screen. Prevalence, frequency and functional impairment related to affective and psychosis-risk symptoms were compared across groups using univariate and multivariate statistics.Results. Rwandan students born before the end of the genocide and war in 1994 experienced higher psychotic and affective symptom load ( p's < 0.001) with more functional impairment compared with younger Rwandans. 5.35% of older Rwandan students met threshold for clinical high-risk of psychosis by the WERCAP Screen compared with 3.19% of younger Rwandans (χ 2 = 5.36; p = 0.02). Symptom severity comparisons showed significant ( p < 0.001) group effects between Rwandan and Kenyan secondary school students on affective and psychotic symptom domains with Rwandans having higher symptom burden compared with Kenyans. Rwandan female students also had higher rates of psychotic symptoms compared with their male counterparts -a unique finding not observed in the Kenyan sample.Conclusions. These results suggest extreme conflict and disruption to country from genocide and war can influence the presence and severity of psychopathology in youth decades after initial traumatic events.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A comparative study of psychotic and affective symptoms in Rwandan and Kenyan students

Owoso

Jansen

Ndetei

et al. 2017

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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“…Their inclusion can contribute to shed light on the common sexual trauma etiology of psychotic symptoms in different mental health disorders. 9,32…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Sexual Abuse and Age at Onset of Psychotic Disorders: A Matched-cohort Study: L’âge d’apparition des troubles psychotiques chez les victimes d’agression sexuelle à l’enfance: Une étude prospective de cohortes appariées

et al. 2020

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Objective: Victims of child sexual abuse (CSA) present with a higher risk of psychotic disorders. However, the developmental course of psychosis following CSA, such as the age at onset, remains unknown. This study aimed to determine whether the age at onset of psychotic disorders was influenced by sexual abuse, sex, and confounding factors (substance misuse, intellectual disability, and socioeconomic status). Method: A prospective matched-cohort design was used, with administrative databases from a child protection agency (CPA) and a public health system. Children who received a substantiated report of CSA at the CPA and whose health data could be retrieved were selected ( n = 882) and matched with children from the general population using their date of birth, sex, and geographical area. Survival analysis was performed to estimate the association between sexual abuse, sex, and confounding factors and the age at onset of psychotic disorders. Results: Sexual abuse and substance misuse are significantly associated with the age at onset of psychotic disorders. In the sexually abused group, only substance misuse is associated with the age at onset of psychotic disorders, but this was not significant for the general population. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of prevention of psychotic disorders among sexually abused youth, especially those with a substance misuse diagnosis.

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Linking Trauma-Exposure with Violent Offending – Narrative Review and Clinical Implications

Møeller

Bo²,

Arendt³

2022

Handbook of Anger, Aggression, and Violence

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Childhood Trauma and Psychosis: The Genie Is Out of the Bottle

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

A comparative study of psychotic and affective symptoms in Rwandan and Kenyan students

A comparative study of psychotic and affective symptoms in Rwandan and Kenyan students

Child Sexual Abuse and Age at Onset of Psychotic Disorders: A Matched-cohort Study: L’âge d’apparition des troubles psychotiques chez les victimes d’agression sexuelle à l’enfance: Une étude prospective de cohortes appariées

Linking Trauma-Exposure with Violent Offending – Narrative Review and Clinical Implications

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