Childhood trauma is associated with poorer social functioning in severe mental disorders both during an active illness phase and in remission

Hjelseng, Ingrid Varvin; Vaskinn, Anja; Ueland, Torill; Lunding, Synve Hoffart; Reponen, Elina Johanna; Steen, Nils Eiel; Andreassen, Ole A.; Aas, Monica

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2020.03.015

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Veterans also shared negative life experiences prior to and after military service that have contributed to negative attitudes toward developing new social connections. This is congruent with past literature showing childhood trauma is associated with decreased social functioning and social support (Hjelseng et al, 2022; Van Voorhees et al, 2012). McLaughlin et al (2020) identify challenges with social and emotional processing following childhood trauma as factors contributing to negative mental health and functioning outcomes (McLaughlin et al, 2020).…”

Section: Conclusion and Implications For Practicesupporting

confidence: 92%

Veteran community engagement and social connection needs following inpatient psychiatric hospitalization.

Chen¹,

Ono²,

Laliberte³

et al. 2022

Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal

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Objective: To understand barriers and facilitators to engaging in community activities for increasing social connectedness among recently psychiatrically hospitalized veterans, a population at elevated risk for suicide. Method: We completed 30 semistructured qualitative interviews with veterans within 1 week of discharge from inpatient psychiatric hospitalization. Our interviews focused on understanding past and current barriers, facilitators, and needs for engaging in community activities after psychiatric hospitalization. Data were analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach. Results: Veterans shared feeling a lack of belonging and discussed several barriers to community engagement including lack of self-confidence, limited knowledge of opportunities, and negative expectations. Veterans identified several ways to facilitate engagement in community activities such as centralizing information on community activities and providing active support posthospitalization. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: Veterans by and large valued community and the role of community activities for increasing social connectedness. However, more active intervention for supporting engagement in community activities appears necessary to facilitate connection posthospitalization. Impact and ImplicationsEngaging in community activities may be a helpful strategy to help veterans increase social connectedness after psychiatric hospitalization, a critical period for suicide risk. Veterans shared several barriers and facilitators that impact their future and current engagement in community activities. Clinicians may wish to pay special attention to historical challenges to connection and negative expectations as well as the need for active support for engaging in community activities.

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Section: Conclusion and Implications For Practicesupporting

confidence: 92%

Veteran community engagement and social connection needs following inpatient psychiatric hospitalization.

Chen¹,

Ono²,

Laliberte³

et al. 2022

Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal

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“…However, the latter showed that living alone was more likely in patients exposed to parental separation (84). Two recent large studies in patients with psychosis (85,86) confirm the association between exposure to different adversity types and poorer social outcomes after adjusting for a broad range of confounders. These studies highlight other important aspects such as greater effects for non-affective psychoses as compared to affective psychoses (85); the presence of cumulative effects; and a stronger association between emotional trauma and poorer functional outcomes (86).…”

Section: Adversity and Functional Outcomementioning

confidence: 98%

“…In summary, heterogeneous evidence suggests a link between exposure to adversity such as abuse, neglect and early parental separation on a range of functioning outcomes, although specific effects need to be better understood. So far, this association seems to be more often present in chronic individuals with psychosis, with the reasons for this yet to be explored; there is some evidence suggesting some cumulative effects (86); and it seems there is a more pervasive effect when exposure occurs earlier (23,88).…”

Section: Adversity and Functional Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Interplay Between Adversity, Neurocognition, Social Cognition, and Functional Outcome in People With Psychosis: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

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History of adversity is associated with subsequent psychosis, and with a spectrum of cognitive alterations in individuals with psychosis. These cognitive features go from neurocognitive aspects as working memory and attention, to complex social cognitive processes as theory of mind and emotional perception. Difficulties in these domains impact patients' social and occupational functioning, which has been shown to be more impaired in those previously exposed to childhood trauma. However, the interplay between adversity, neurocognition, and functioning is yet poorly understood. This narrative review aims to explore the evidence on whether deficits in neurocognitive and social cognitive domains may act as possible putative mechanism linking adversity with functioning in people with psychosis. We show available evidence supporting the link between adversity and poorer functioning in psychosis, especially in chronic stages; and replicated evidence suggesting associations of social cognition and, to a lesser extent, neurocognition with impairment in functioning in patients; although there is still an important gap in the literature testing particularly deficits in social cognition as mediator of the link between adversity and functional decline in psychosis. Targeting interventions focusing on neurocognition and social cognition in individuals with adversity and psychosis seems important, given the severe deterioration of these patients in these domains, although more research is needed to test whether such treatments can specifically improve functioning in individuals with psychosis and adversity. Literature aiming to understand the determinants of functional outcome should consider the pervasive impact of childhood adversity, and its related effects on cognition.

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“…Some recent studies have used a similar approach investigating the association between perceived CT and social functioning. In Norway, Hjelseng et al 28 found that the severity of CT was inversely associated with scores on a social functioning scale, but their study did not control for educational level or age. The CT subtypes associated with social functioning were emotional and physical abuse, and emotional neglect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Other aspects associated with CT in schizophrenia include inflammatory biomarkers, 17 , 18 body-mass index, 19 telomere length, 19 hair cortisol concentration, 20 suicide, 21 , 22 violence, 23 insight, 24 quality of life, 25 social cognition, 26 and social functioning. 27 , 28 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood trauma is associated with age at onset of symptoms, functioning, and cognition in patients with schizophrenia

De-Nardin¹,

Muratori²,

Ribeiro³

et al. 2021

Trends Psychiatry Psychother

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Introduction Childhood trauma (CT) is known to be a vulnerability factor for schizophrenia, but the specific impacts of different trauma subtypes on the prognosis of these patients remains unclear. Objective To assess the relationships between the occurrence of overall CT and its subtypes with factors with known prognostic impact on schizophrenia, such as age at onset of symptoms, global functioning, and cognitive impairment in a sample of Brazilian patients. Methods One hundred and five stable patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-5 criteria were evaluated using the Independent Living Skills Survey (ILSS; self-report global functioning), Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS; subjective cognitive impairment), and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire scales (CTQ; perceived overall CT, emotional neglect, physical neglect, physical abuse, and emotional and sexual abuse). Statistical analysis was performed with multivariate linear regression. Results After controlling for educational level and age, subjective cognitive impairment was directly correlated with overall perceived CT occurrence, emotional abuse, and sexual abuse. Self-report global functioning was inversely correlated with perceived overall CT occurrence, emotional abuse, and sexual abuse. Emotional abuse and physical abuse were also inversely correlated with age at onset of symptoms. Conclusions CT can be related to more severe prognoses in schizophrenia, impacting on early onset of symptoms, lower global functioning, and greater cognitive impairment. Subtypes of trauma can be associated with different prognostic risks.

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Childhood trauma is associated with poorer social functioning in severe mental disorders both during an active illness phase and in remission

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Veteran community engagement and social connection needs following inpatient psychiatric hospitalization.

Veteran community engagement and social connection needs following inpatient psychiatric hospitalization.

Exploring the Interplay Between Adversity, Neurocognition, Social Cognition, and Functional Outcome in People With Psychosis: A Narrative Review

Childhood trauma is associated with age at onset of symptoms, functioning, and cognition in patients with schizophrenia

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