Childhood trauma, parental bonding, and social cognition in patients with schizophrenia and healthy adults

Rokita, Karolina; Dauvermann, Maria R.; Mothersill, David; Holleran, Laurena; Holland, Jessica; Costello, Laura; Cullen, Caroline; Kane, Ruán; McKernan, Declan P.; Morris, Derek W.; Kelly, John; Gill, Michael; Corvin, Aiden; Hallahan, Brian; McDonald, Colm; Donohoe, Gary

doi:10.1002/jclp.23023

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Each subscale includes 5 items, and individuals are requested to answer whether they had experienced the event on a Likert scale ranging from “1” for “never true” to “5” for “very often true.” Please see the supplementary material for details. Following on our earlier behavior study, 52 both to Total CTQ scores and physical neglect CTQ scores—employed as continuous variables—were used to index childhood trauma in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of a cognitive pathway, we have recently presented evidence that CT exposure is associated with poorer performance on measures of cognition and social cognition in Schizophrenia. 51 , 52 We have interpreted this association as reflecting CT’s moderation of other causal factors (eg, genetic variation) associated with SZ risk and cognitive deficits. Greater deactivation of the DMN during rs-fMRI has been associated with better performance on measures of Theory of Mind (ToM), 53 the capacity to accurately infer the mental state of others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in Default-Mode Network Associated With Childhood Trauma in Schizophrenia

Dauvermann

Mothersill

Rokita

et al. 2021

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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Background There is considerable evidence of dysconnectivity within the default-mode network (DMN) in schizophrenia, as measured during resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). History of childhood trauma (CT) is observed at a higher frequency in schizophrenia than in the general population, but its relationship to DMN functional connectivity has yet to be investigated. Methods CT history and rs-fMRI data were collected in 65 individuals with schizophrenia and 132 healthy controls. Seed-based functional connectivity between each of 4 a priori defined seeds of the DMN (medial prefrontal cortex, right and left lateral parietal lobes, and the posterior cingulate cortex) and all other voxels of the brain were compared across groups. Effects of CT on functional connectivity were examined using multiple regression analyses. Where significant associations were observed, regression analyses were further used to determine whether variance in behavioral measures of Theory of Mind (ToM), previously associated with DMN recruitment, were explained by these associations. Results Seed-based analyses revealed evidence of widespread reductions in functional connectivity in patients vs controls, including between the left/right parietal lobe (LP) and multiple other regions, including the parietal operculum bilaterally. Across all subjects, increased CT scores were associated with reduced prefrontal-parietal connectivity and, in patients, with increased prefrontal-cerebellar connectivity also. These CT-associated differences in DMN connectivity also predicted variation in behavioral measures of ToM. Conclusions These findings suggest that CT history is associated with variation in DMN connectivity during rs-fMRI in patients with schizophrenia and healthy participants, which may partly mediate associations observed between early life adversity and cognitive performance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Default-Mode Network Associated With Childhood Trauma in Schizophrenia

Dauvermann

Mothersill

Rokita

et al. 2021

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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“…These papers have all been published from 2016 onwards, except one in 2011 (62) which shows the growing amount of interest in this field in recent years. As a whole, seven studies contained analyses with at least one significant association between a category of abuse and a social cognitive domain (24, 60-62, 66, 70, 71); six with a category of neglect (24,64,65,(68)(69)(70); two with a composite category of adversity (59,64), and only one study didn't find any association between adversity and social cognition (67). Regarding time of exposure, only one study examined this, showing that neglect at age 11-12 was the strongest predictor of deficits of emotion regulation and mentalizing abilities (69).…”

Section: Adversity and Social Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Interplay Between Adversity, Neurocognition, Social Cognition, and Functional Outcome in People With Psychosis: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

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History of adversity is associated with subsequent psychosis, and with a spectrum of cognitive alterations in individuals with psychosis. These cognitive features go from neurocognitive aspects as working memory and attention, to complex social cognitive processes as theory of mind and emotional perception. Difficulties in these domains impact patients' social and occupational functioning, which has been shown to be more impaired in those previously exposed to childhood trauma. However, the interplay between adversity, neurocognition, and functioning is yet poorly understood. This narrative review aims to explore the evidence on whether deficits in neurocognitive and social cognitive domains may act as possible putative mechanism linking adversity with functioning in people with psychosis. We show available evidence supporting the link between adversity and poorer functioning in psychosis, especially in chronic stages; and replicated evidence suggesting associations of social cognition and, to a lesser extent, neurocognition with impairment in functioning in patients; although there is still an important gap in the literature testing particularly deficits in social cognition as mediator of the link between adversity and functional decline in psychosis. Targeting interventions focusing on neurocognition and social cognition in individuals with adversity and psychosis seems important, given the severe deterioration of these patients in these domains, although more research is needed to test whether such treatments can specifically improve functioning in individuals with psychosis and adversity. Literature aiming to understand the determinants of functional outcome should consider the pervasive impact of childhood adversity, and its related effects on cognition.

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“…Physical neglect was found to be especially predictive of impairment in emotional recognition. However, optimal parental bonding attenuated the negative impact of childhood trauma on emotional recognition (Rokita et al, 2020).…”

Section: Social-cognitive and Emotional Recognition Impairment In Schmentioning

confidence: 96%

Schizophrenia: Epidemiology, Causes, Neurobiology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment

Volkan¹

2020

jhms

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Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness that has devastating consequences for those who suffer from the disorder. The epidemiology of schizophrenia indicates that it occurs relatively often, in many different contexts, and in conjunction with other disorders, decreasing quality of life and causing premature death. There has been an enormous amount of research into the causes of schizophrenia and there is now have a much better understanding of the genetic, environmental, and psychological factors that contribute to the disease. While there are numerous ways to understand and conceptualize schizophrenia, a unified picture of the neurobiology, changes in brain structure, cognitive and social-cognitive impairments related to the disorder has yet to emerge. Convulsive therapies and psychosurgery were used unsuccessfully, indiscriminately and without scientific validation in the past to treat schizophrenia. Medical advances including advanced imaging technology have now provided the ability to perform specifically focused neuromodulation and psychosurgery in severe and treatment resistant cases of schizophrenia. While still at a preliminary stage, these approaches have the potential to yield effective treatments in the future. For the last 70 years antipsychotic medication has become the prevailing treatment for schizophrenia. However, many people suffering from the disorder have trouble with side-effects and adhering to a regimen of antipsychotic medication. Newer pharmacological agents are being developed and include not only novel antipsychotic drugs, but anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating agents as well. These new agents, used either alone or in combination, have the potential to improve outcomes for people suffering from schizophrenia. Nevertheless, conclusively better pharmacotherapies will likely not arise until there is better understanding of the pathophysiology underlying schizophrenia. After the development of antipsychotic medication, psychotherapeutic methods for treating schizophrenia fell out of favor, but there is currently some reversal of this trend. The use of newer psychotherapies and modified forms of older therapeutic treatments are not only targeting the symptoms of schizophrenia but are also now focusing on recovery from the disorder. These newer approaches as well as efforts at preventing schizophrenia show promise in reducing the suffering caused by this disease.

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Childhood trauma, parental bonding, and social cognition in patients with schizophrenia and healthy adults

Cited by 28 publications

References 47 publications

Changes in Default-Mode Network Associated With Childhood Trauma in Schizophrenia

Changes in Default-Mode Network Associated With Childhood Trauma in Schizophrenia

Exploring the Interplay Between Adversity, Neurocognition, Social Cognition, and Functional Outcome in People With Psychosis: A Narrative Review

Schizophrenia: Epidemiology, Causes, Neurobiology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment

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