Children and eating. Personality and gender are associated with obesogenic food consumption and overweight in 6- to 12-year-olds

Vollrath, Margarete E.; Hampson, Sarah E.; Júlíusson, Pétur Benedikt

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2012.02.056

Cited by 41 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…As such, subsequent analyses were conducted separately for girls versus boys. For similar reasons, others studying the associations of temperament with food consumption and related constructs have also analyzed data for boys and girls separately (e.g., Faith and Hittner, 2010; Vollrath et al, 2012). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiome composition is associated with temperament during early childhood

Christian

Galley

Hade

et al. 2015

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

172

134

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Background Understanding the dynamics of the gut-brain axis has clinical implications for physical and mental health conditions, including obesity and anxiety. As such disorders have early life antecedents, it is of value to determine if associations between the gut microbiome and behavior are present in early life in humans. Methods We used next generation pyrosequencing to examine associations between the community structure of the gut microbiome and maternal ratings of child temperament in 77 children at 18-27 months of age. It was hypothesized that children would differ in their gut microbial structure, as indicated by measures of alpha and beta diversity, based on their temperamental characteristics. Results Among both boys and girls, greater Surgency/Extraversion was associated greater phylogenetic diversity. In addition, among boys only, subscales loading on this composite scale were associated with differences in phylogenetic diversity, the Shannon Diversity index (SDI), beta diversity, and differences in abundances of Dialister, Rikenellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Parabacteroides. In girls only, higher Effortful Control was associated with a lower SDI score and differences in both beta diversity and Rikenellaceae were observed in relation to Fear. Some differences in dietary patterns were observed in relation to temperament, but these did not account for the observed differences in the microbiome. Conclusions Differences in gut microbiome composition, including alpha diversity, beta diversity, and abundances of specific bacterial species, were observed in association with temperament in toddlers. This study was cross-sectional and observational and, therefore, does not permit determination of the causal direction of effects. However, if bidirectional brain-gut relationships are present in humans in early life, this may represent an opportunity for intervention relevant to physical as well as mental health disorders.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiome composition is associated with temperament during early childhood

Christian

Galley

Hade

et al. 2015

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

172

134

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous research supports these findings in showing that mothers tend to have more concern about their daughters gaining weight than their sons (Tiggemann & Lowes, 2002). Mothers are also less willing to engage in a confrontation over food with boys (Vollrath et al, 2012). Taken together, mothers may be more likely to select foods in line with their boys’ preferences, but may consider other factors when choosing foods for their daughters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to their male peers, girls have healthier food choices in general (Liem, Bogers, Dagnelie, & de Graaf, 2006; Robinson & Thomas, 2004; Sweeting, 2008). Differences in diets are likely due to a diverse set of causal processes (Liem et al, 2006; Vollrath, Hampson, & Juliusson, 2012). However, for very young children, feeding decisions that parents make may be most relevant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers of overweight mothers' food choice behaviors depend on child gender

Bouhlal

McBride

Ward³

et al. 2015

Appetite

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Background National data suggest a higher prevalence of obesity among boys. One possible cause could be the food choices made by parents on behalf of their children. Objectives This study sought to determine whether and how mothers’ food choices for their children differ by child gender and to understand the drivers of these differences. Design Data were analyzed from a randomized controlled trial conducted using a virtual reality-based buffet restaurant. Overweight mothers filled out questionnaires and received an information module. They were then immersed in a virtual buffet restaurant to select a lunch for their 4- to 5-year-old child. Results Of the 221 overweight mothers recruited, 55% identified their daughters as the child for whom they would be choosing the food. The caloric content of boys’ meals was 43 calories higher than girls’ (p = .015). This difference was due to extra calories from the less healthy food category (p = .04). Multivariate analyses identified more predictors of calorie choices for daughters’ than sons’ meals. Predictors of calories chosen for girls included: having both biological parents overweight (β = 0.26; p = .003), mother’s weight (β = 0.17; p = .05), mother’s education (β =−0.28; p = .001), her restriction of her child’s food intake (β =−0.20; p = .02), and her beliefs about the importance of genetics in causing obesity (β = 0.19; p = .03). Mother’s weight was the sole predictor of boys’ meal calories (β = 0.20; p = .04). Conclusions Differences in dietary choices made for young girls and boys may contribute to lifelong gender differences in eating patterns. A better understanding of differences in feeding choices made for girls versus boys could improve the design of childhood obesity prevention interventions.

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“…Allerdings gibt es auch gegenteilige Befunde, die darauf hinweisen, dass einige Formen der elterlichen Kontrolle über das Essverhalten ihrer Kinder Über-gewicht nicht fördern oder sogar davor schützen [Faith et al, 2003]. Hasenböhler et al [2009] [Vollrath et al, 2012].…”

Section: Chronobiologie Persönlichkeitseigenschaften Und Neurokognitunclassified

Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter: Risikofaktoren, Prävention und Behandlung

2014

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Bei Erwachsenen ist ein Erfolg in der Behandlung der Adipositas nur in ungefähr 10% der Fälle zu erwarten, sodass der Prävention und Therapie von Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter eine hohe Bedeutung zukommen sollte. Zu den bekannten proximalen und distalen Risikofaktoren gehören eine hohe Kalorienaufnahme, körperliche Inaktivität, Übergewicht in der Familie, ein niedriger sozioökonomischer Status und Migrationshintergrund. Erfolgreiche Präventionsprogramme müssen psychosoziale Rahmenbedingungen mit einbeziehen und für diese gesellschaftlichen Gruppen spezifische Interventionen anbieten. Dies gilt auch für den Bereich der ambulanten und stationären Adipositastherapie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Auch wenn die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie einer alleinigen Lebensstiländerung überlegen ist und der Gewichtsverlust während der Behandlung höher ist, gilt eine langfristige Stabilisierung des Körpergewichts über den Therapiezeitraum hinaus als ungewiss. Dies weist darauf hin, dass die Rückkehr in ein Umfeld, das Adipositas fördert, als Risikofaktor angesehen werden muss. Nachhaltig erfolgreiche Behandlungsprogramme für Kinder und Jugendliche zielen deshalb auch auf die Verhaltensänderung von Eltern; in manchen Fällen wirkt sich sogar die alleinige Behandlung der Eltern vergleichbar positiv auf die Gewichtsreduktion der Kinder aus wie die gemeinsame Behandlung von Eltern und Kindern. Weitere übergewichtsfördernde Faktoren wie Fast Food, zuckerhaltige Limonaden, zu wenig Bewegung und ein hoher Fernseh- und Internetkonsum werden häufig ursächlich diskutiert. Inwiefern hier staatliche Regulierungen über Steuern bzw. Verbote erfolgreich sein könnten, gilt es noch zu untersuchen. Ein mangelndes Problembewusstsein innerhalb der Familie, an der Schule oder in anderen sozialen Gefügen würde diese Anstrengungen jedoch zunichtemachen, ebenso wie industrielle Kräfte, denen der wirtschaftliche Erfolg wichtiger ist als die Verantwortung für die Gesundheit der Gesellschaft.

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Children and eating. Personality and gender are associated with obesogenic food consumption and overweight in 6- to 12-year-olds

Cited by 41 publications

References 49 publications

Gut microbiome composition is associated with temperament during early childhood

Gut microbiome composition is associated with temperament during early childhood

Drivers of overweight mothers' food choice behaviors depend on child gender

Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter: Risikofaktoren, Prävention und Behandlung

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