Children and the Remaining Gender Gaps in the Labor Market

Cortés, Patricia; Pan, Jessica

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3718892

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…A large and internationally wide body of literature documents that men and women have divergent earnings growth paths after the arrival of the first child, even when they were previously on the same career trajectory. This result holds both within couples, when data permit, and also comparing mothers with fathers (Bertrand, Goldin and Katz, 2010;Angelov, Johansson and Lindhal, 2016;Goldin and Mitchell, 2017;Juhn and McCue, 2017;Søgaard, 2019b, 2021;Andresen and Nix, 2022;Cortés and Pan, 2023;Kleven, 2023). Those estimated motherhood penalties could be even underestimating the true wage gaps if participation after childbirth is especially selective among women (Andrew et al, 2024).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

Family and career: an analysis across Europe and North America

Guirola,

Hospido,

Weber

2024

Fiscal Studies

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Using data on 17 countries in Europe and North America, we compare the career trajectories of mothers and fathers and of women and men without children across cohorts, and at different points of their life cycle. There is wide variation across countries in employment and earnings gaps at age 30. At age 50, however, the employment gap between mothers and non‐mothers has closed in most countries. We also observe convergence in employment gaps between mothers and fathers by age 50, but these gaps do not fully close. Motherhood gaps in earnings also close by age 50 between mothers and non‐mothers, particularly among the highly educated. But there is strong persistence in earnings gaps between mothers and fathers even among highly educated parents. The main reasons for the remaining gaps at later stages in the life cycle are part‐time work among women and fatherhood premia as fathers' earnings outperform non‐fathers' over their life cycle.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

Family and career: an analysis across Europe and North America

Guirola,

Hospido,

Weber

2024

Fiscal Studies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our paper adds to several strands of literature. First, we contribute to the work on gender inequality (Bertrand, 2011;Azmat and Petrongolo, 2014;Blau and Kahn, 2017;Bertrand, 2020), particularly to recent papers studying the impact of parenthood on wages and labor supply (Angelov et al, 2016;Cortés and Pan, 2022;Kuziemko et al, 2018;Bertrand et al, 2010;Kleven et al, 2019b,a;Kleven, 2023;Kleven et al, 2022;Andresen and Nix, 2022), job absences (Rosenbaum, 2023), and women's health (Dehos et al, 2023). Relative to this previous research, our paper has a different and unique focus: It demonstrates that parenthood creates gender inequality in mental health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%