Children-Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII), cardiometabolic risk, and inflammation in adolescents: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objectives There is limited evidence about the inflammatory potential of diet and cardiometabolic risk in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the Children’s Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII) with cardiometabolic risk factors in Turkish adolescents from 10 to 17 years. Methods Participants aged 10–17 years, who completed a 24-h dietary recall, from which C-DII scores were calculated, were include in this cross-sectional study. Lipid profile, glycemic parameters, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), liver enzymes, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and uric acid were analyzed in blood samples. Sociodemographic characteristics and sedentary behavior were assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire. We compared the distributions of anthropometric, biochemical, and blood pressure measurement levels associated with cardiometabolic risk factors by the median of C-DII with linear regression. Results The mean sample C-DII was −0.16 ± 2.31 and ranged from −3.22 to +4.09. Higher median C-DII scores, indicating a more pro-inflammatory diet among children, were associated with higher blood pressure and body mass index (BMI). However, the C-DII was modestly directly associated with fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose, and waist circumference. The area under the receiver operating curve of C-DII in predicting hs-CRP was found to be quite high (0.864, 95% CI: 0.795–0.933). Conclusions Consuming a pro-inflammatory diet in adolescence was associated with alterations in cardiometabolic risk factors, especially with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and BMI.

Children-Dietary Inflammatory Index and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Children with Overweight and Obesity: Are They Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters?

“…The DII score of Brazilian adolescents was found to be ranged from −2.8 to 4.3 (20). Açık et al (10) found the mean cDII score in adolescents to be ranged from−3.22 to 4.09. Similarly, DII scores ranged from −4.87 (most anti-inflammatory) to 4.75 (most pro-inflammatory) in school-aged children (3).…”

“…The DII scores have been associated with inflammatory biomarkers, cardiometabolic risk factors, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults (5). However, few studies have investigated the relationship between DII and cardiometabolic risk factors in children, and the findings were conflicted (9,10).…”

Nutrition and dietary inflammatory indices of the eight major cuisines of China

“…There were plenty of researches exploring association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and disease in different populations. A pro-inflammatory diet (DII>0) may be associated with an increased risk of adiposity, cardiovascular diseases or related mortality, metabolic syndrome, dementia, central nervous system demyelination, frailty, memory and cognition function impairment, and even breast cancer or thyroid cancer [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] . The DII is a comprehensive parameter of diet-derived inflammatory capacity, and designed to be universally applicable across all human studies for dietary assessment.…”

Nutritional status of Syrian female migrants in Turkey: a cross- sectional study

“…As women are exposed to discrimination based on gender in society, they have a fragile structure. Gender discrimination is the cause of processes such as nutrition, access to healthcare services, and being economically victims [16]. Women participate less in the labor market, and therefore, they have to live dependently.…”