Children Processing Music: Electric Brain Responses Reveal Musical Competence and Gender Differences

Koelsch, Stefan; Großmann, Tobias; Gunter, Thomas C.; Hahne, Anja; Schröger, Erich; Friederici, Angela D.

doi:10.1162/089892903322307401

Cited by 34 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…It is typically followed by an N5 (a negativity maximal around 500 ms), which has been posited to reflect processes of harmonic integration (Koelsch, 2005;Koelsch et al, 2000). Both ERPs can be elicited in 5-year old children (Koelsch et al, 2003), and recent data indicate that they can even be observed even in 2½-year-olds (Jentschke, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within these ANOVAs, user-defined contrasts were employed to specify at which ROI the difference between the two chord functions was significant. For the ERAN, for which a previous study revealed gender differences in the laterlization (Koelsch et al, 2003), two further ANOVAs (separately for each group) with the factors chord function, hemisphere, and sex 9 Two -[1] ERAN and [2] N5 -were set to ERP components that are consistently elicited by violations of musical syntax (see, e.g., Koelsch et al, 2003;Koelsch et al, 2000). were computed (for the anterior ROIs, at which the ERAN is strongest).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Children with Specific Language Impairment Also Show Impairment of Music-syntactic Processing

Jentschke

Koelsch

Sallat

et al. 2008

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

101

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Both language and music consist of sequences that are structured according to syntactic regularities. We used two specific event-related brain potential (ERP) components to investigate music-syntactic processing in children: the ERAN (Early Right Anterior Negativity) and the N5. The neural resources underlying these processes have been posited to overlap with those involved in the processing of linguistic syntax. Thus, we expected children with specific language impairment (SLI, which is characterized by deficient processing of linguistic syntax) to demonstrate difficulties with music-syntactic processing. Such difficulties were indeed observed in the neural correlates of music-syntactic processing: neither an ERAN nor an N5 was elicited in children with SLI, whereas both components were evoked in age-matched control children with typical language development. Moreover, the amplitudes of ERAN and N5 were correlated with subtests of a language development test. These data provide evidence for a strong interrelation between the language and the music processing system, thereby setting the ground for possible effects of musical training in SLI therapy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Children with Specific Language Impairment Also Show Impairment of Music-syntactic Processing

Jentschke

Koelsch

Sallat

et al. 2008

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

101

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show abstract

“…By integrating the acoustic excitation offered for attention in a specific musical context, and presenting a change within the inner elements, the Early Right Anterior Negativity (ERAN) effect can be observed [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Training of Aural Attention Components by Using the Computerized Program AUT

Bernhofs¹,

Grauzdina²,

Kreicbergs³

2015

ujer

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Attention, being a precondition for any cognitive process, has always been of the utmost importance for teachers. The teachers who work with musically gifted children also face the problems of insufficient concentration, and inability to listen attentively.The research is based on the acknowledgments about aural attention processes, the role of music parameters in the activation of the attention system's functions, as well as the cognitive processing of acoustic information as a result of structured training. During the research a system of structures was created and it includes two music parameters -pitch and rhythm. This system serves as a basis for its computerized model -the training program AUT. By including a standardized aural attention test AUDIVA, a research measuring the effectiveness of the newly-created AUT program was conducted. The participants of the research were 7-8 years old children (N=85) -pupils of a school in which they were learning music-related subjects in-depth. Three groups were created: pitch (n=30), rhythm (n=30), and a control group (n=25). The research concludes that in 7-8 years old children, who study music-related subjects, significant differences can be observed in attention's activity, persistence and distribution. Structured pitch and rhythm training activates the attention system, but the effect of this activation and persistence differs. This has been confirmed by the differences revealed in the effect's analysis in both experiment groups. The results of the training program's effectiveness analysis point to flexibility in the most important aural attention components -activation and alertness functions-during structured and level-based acoustic training.

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“…Sex differences have been observed in both children and adults when measuring early right anterior electrophysiological activity in processing musical information. 6 Maturation of the brain through childhood, adolescence and early adulthood, and aging of the brain in elderly people have a wide range of effects on musical ability and on activation of specific brain regions while testing musical ability. [7][8][9] Active musical training has distinct effects from those of maturation or aging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%