Children’s exposure to outdoor food advertising near primary and secondary schools in Australia

Trapp, Gina; Hooper, Paula; Thornton, Lukar; Kennington, Kelly; Sartori, Ainslie; Wickens, Nicole; Mandzufas, Joelie; Billingham, Wesley

doi:10.1002/hpja.532

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Generally, the data observed are consistent with those of previous studies, with a greater presence of products advertised that are considered discretionary, regardless of the city [ 16 , 17 , 22 , 23 ]. Furthermore, a higher density for both core and discretionary products advertised was observed in the city centers versus the outskirts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Authors of previous studies have used classification systems. For example, Parnell et al [ 16 ] used the Australian Dietary Guidelines, Trapp et al [ 17 ] preferred the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating food categories, and Dia et al [ 22 ] chose the World Health Organization Nutrient Profile Report and Nutrient Profile Model. Although these authors did not indicate the reasons why these classification systems were selected, their choices seem to be related to their geographical and cultural context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 500 m radius was drawn around each school based on the coordinates obtained from Google Maps (Mountain View, California, Estados Unidos), following the methodology previously employed by other authors [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. In addition, considering that the assignment of schools to minors in Spain is carried out according to their place of residence, this radius was defined as the area that includes both the minors’ school and place of residence, and therefore spanned the area of influence.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping of Outdoor Food and Beverage Advertising around Spanish Schools

et al. 2022

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Overweight and obesity rates have increased worldwide in the last decades. The marketing strategies of food considered to be unhealthy significantly exacerbate the childhood obesity dilemma. Studies typically analyze the content of advertisement in television, movies, or social media, but there is a gap in the assessment of the real-life promotion of food and beverages around the schools. The primary aim of the study was to assess the products advertised around public and concerted schools in three cities in the north of Spain, and to categorize them as healthy (core) or unhealthy (discretionary). The secondary aim was to describe the types of food and beverages in advertisements, as well as to determine the density of core and discretionary product advertisements. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out between September and December 2021. The units of analysis were outdoor food and beverage advertisements that were located around public and concerted schools of three cities in the north of Spain. We found 104 schools that met the criteria. We identified 6469 products advertised, 35.1% core and 61.2% discretionary, observing significant differences (p < 0.001) among the cities. Fruit (core) and alcohol (discretionary) were the most heavily advertised products. In conclusion, children attending schools located in the assessed cities are currently exposed to a significant amount of discretionary product advertisement, a situation that should be regulated.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping of Outdoor Food and Beverage Advertising around Spanish Schools

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“…Today's society is increasingly obesogenic with food environments [29] and the built environment [30] being associated with childhood obesity. A recent study in Australia found that almost 75% of outdoor food advertisements within 500 m of primary and secondary schools promoted unhealthy foods and beverages [31]. This is a significant concern as exposure to food advertising has been found to be associated with an increase in food intake in children [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mothers as advocates for healthier lifestyle behaviour environments for their children: results from INFANT 3.5-year follow-up

et al. 2022

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Background The amount of time children spend outside of their home environment has increased over the past decades. Therefore, the quality of the health behaviour environments where young children spend time is likely to impact their health behaviour opportunities. The aim of this study was to describe the proportion of mothers who consider it possible to make changes in their local communities to increase opportunities for children to eat healthily, be physically active, and limit screen time exposure, as well as the proportion who have attempted to do so. The characteristics of mothers with differing advocacy beliefs and intentions were explored. Methods Cross-sectional data collected using questionnaires from 307 mothers who participated in the 3.5-year follow-up of the INFANT cluster-randomized controlled trial were used. Frequencies were used to assess the number of mothers who thought it possible to bring about change in their local communities and for the those who had attempted to do so. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to compare sociodemographic characteristics of mothers with differing responses. Results Most mothers thought it was possible to bring about change in their local community with regards to providing more opportunities for their child to eat healthily (83.7%), be physically active (90.9%) as well as limit exposure to screen time (63.5%). However, less than 19% and 11% of mothers have thought about or tried to bring about change in their child’s childcare centre or local community, respectively. No sociodemographic differences were found between the mothers who thought it was possible to bring about actioning change (p-values > 0.1) or for those that have thought about change (p-values > 0.1). Conclusion As children are continuously being exposed to obesogenic environments future quantitative and qualitative studies are needed to describe how to promote parental advocacy and engagement, in order to provide children with environments that support healthy lifestyle behaviours.

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“…Some authors have already assessed the characteristics of these advertisements. Trapp et al (2021) assessed the advertisements surrounding schools in Perth (Australia), where 1708 food advertisements were identified, of which 74% were for unhealthy products and only 8% were for healthy products. Similar results were found by Dia et al (2021) in Kampala (Uganda), with a total of 1034 advertisements, 86% for unhealthy products and only 7% for healthy products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional content and quality of processed foods and beverages advertised near schools in three cities in the north of Spain

et al. 2022

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The advertisement of food and beverages on television and social media has been widely assessed, evidencing its powerful influence on children's dietary patterns and the development of childhood obesity. However, there is a gap in the evidence about advertisements near schools. The aim of this study was to describe and classify the nutritional quality and information of processed foods and alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages advertised near schools in three cities in the north of Spain. A descriptive analysis was performed from September to December 2021 in the cities of Oviedo, Gijón and Avilés in the Principality of Asturias (Spain). The nutritional quality and information of processed foods or beverages advertised within a 500 m radius of schools were assessed. The Nutri-Score system was used for the classification of the nutritional quality of products and nutritional information, calories, fat, saturated fat, carbohydrates, sugars, protein and salt in 100 g or ml of each product was calculated. A total of 73.5% of the products were classified as "foods to eat less often and in small amounts," and 22.6% and 46.3% were classified as D or E, respectively, according to the Nutri-Score system. Finally, 57.5%, 56.4% and 78.5% of the products showed a medium to high content of fat, saturated fat and sugar, respectively. In conclusion, the food and drink advertisements surrounding schools in the assessed cities promote many products of low nutritional value, rich in fat, saturated fat and sugars, which have high obesogenic potential.

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Children’s exposure to outdoor food advertising near primary and secondary schools in Australia

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Mapping of Outdoor Food and Beverage Advertising around Spanish Schools

Mapping of Outdoor Food and Beverage Advertising around Spanish Schools

Mothers as advocates for healthier lifestyle behaviour environments for their children: results from INFANT 3.5-year follow-up

Nutritional content and quality of processed foods and beverages advertised near schools in three cities in the north of Spain

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