Children's Indirect Exposure to the U.S. Justice System: Evidence from Longitudinal Links between Survey and Administrative Data

Relationships between sleep duration and health among U.S. adults with a history of household incarceration during childhood.

“…These findings suggest several possible leverage points of intervention. First is reducing the rates of incarceration in the United States, which is among the highest in the world (Finlay et al, 2023). Restorative justice programs and policies that divert people from prison and reduce recidivism have been shown to be effective (Bonta et al, 2002), and widespread implementation could drastically reduce incarceration rates and the consequences that This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers.…”

“…Specifically, 9% of people born between 1999 and 2005 in the United States have had a parent or adult household member incarcerated during their childhood (Finlay et al, 2023). The trauma and loss associated with having a household member incarcerated (henceforth referred to as household incarceration ) during one’s childhood has consequences in both childhood and adulthood (Arditti, 2016; Mihalec-Adkins & Shlafer, 2022), including childhood obesity (Turney, 2014), risky health behaviors and problem behaviors (Emory, 2018; Haskins & McCauley, 2019; Heard-Garris et al, 2018; Le et al, 2019), psychological distress and substance use (Fleming & Nurius, 2019; Heard-Garris et al, 2018; Johnson et al, 2019; Khan et al, 2018), poor cognitive and academic outcomes (Finlay et al, 2023; Haskins & McCauley, 2019), poorer diet and less sleep (Gavrieli et al, 2015; Jackson & Vaughn, 2017), posttraumatic stress symptomatology and dysregulated stress responses (Bocknek et al, 2009; Roettger & Boardman, 2012), low expectations for one’s own future (Brumley et al, 2017), and poor overall health (Dallaire et al, 2018; Finlay et al, 2023; Haskins & McCauley, 2019; Hiolski et al, 2019). While the associations between experiencing household incarceration in childhood and later negative health and developmental outcomes are well-documented, the underlying mechanisms linking this childhood stressor and adult outcomes have been less well studied.…”

“…household incarceration) during one's childhood has consequences in both childhood and adulthood (Arditti, 2016;Mihalec-Adkins & Shlafer, 2022), including childhood obesity (Turney, 2014), risky health behaviors and problem behaviors (Emory, 2018;Haskins & McCauley, 2019;Heard-Garris et al, 2018;Le et al, 2019), psychological distress and substance use (Fleming & Nurius, 2019;Heard-Garris et al, 2018;Johnson et al, 2019;Khan et al, 2018), poor cognitive and academic outcomes (Finlay et al, 2023;Haskins & McCauley, 2019), poorer diet and less sleep (Gavrieli et al, 2015;Jackson & Vaughn, 2017), posttraumatic stress symptomatology and dysregulated stress responses (Bocknek et al, 2009;Roettger & Boardman, 2012), low expectations for one's own future (Brumley et al, 2017), and poor overall health (Dallaire et al, 2018;Finlay et al, 2023;Haskins & McCauley, 2019;Hiolski et al, 2019). While the associations between experiencing household incarceration in childhood and later negative health and developmental outcomes are well-documented, the underlying mechanisms linking this childhood stressor and adult outcomes have been less well studied.…”