Children with Celiac Disease Are More Likely to Have Attended Hospital for Prior Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Abstract

Children with CD diagnosed <2 years of age were more likely to have attended hospital for a prior RSV infection or any viral bronchiolitis than other children.

Exploring the risk factors for differences in the cumulative incidence of coeliac disease in two neighboring countries: the prospective DIABIMMUNE study

“…One reason could be the increased mucosal permeability of not only the intestine but also of the respiratory tract [41,42]. The latter circumstance may increase susceptibility to respiratory tract infections [43,44]. According to our data, it is not likely that differences in vaccination between the study groups and the two countries would cause differences in autoimmunity.…”

Respiratory Infections and the Risk of Celiac Disease

“…12 Furthermore, a Swedish retrospective case-control study investigated 3835 children diagnosed with CD before the age of 2 years and found that 36 (0.9%) had a previous diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus compared with 117 (0.6%) out of 19 102 matched controls (odds ratio [OR], 1.46). 13 The highest risk was observed in children who developed CD before 1 year of age (OR, 1.82). The authors also described a previous incidence of viral bronchiolitis in 3.4% (132 out of 3835) of the case patients with CD and in 2.0% (390 out of 19 102) of the matched controls (OR, 1.60).…”

“…The authors also described a previous incidence of viral bronchiolitis in 3.4% (132 out of 3835) of the case patients with CD and in 2.0% (390 out of 19 102) of the matched controls (OR, 1.60). 13 However, epidemiologic studies are difficult to interpret because it is difficult to control for confounding variables and recall bias. Therefore, a prospective study of a cohort of at-risk infants, stratified for HLA genetic risk, is ideal to study risk factors for the development of CD.…”

Infection, antibiotic exposure, and risk of celiac disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Of these, 2116 articles, as well as 330 duplicates, were excluded after reading the titles and abstracts; the remaining 58 articles were subjected to detailed full‐text evaluation. As a result, we included 19 studies (15 on infection and six on antibiotic exposure) in our analysis. Figure shows a flow diagram of the literature search and selection process.…”

“…Of these, 2116 articles, as well as 330 duplicates, were excluded after reading the titles and abstracts; the remaining 58 articles were subjected to detailed full-text evaluation. As a result, we included 19 10-17,24-34 studies (15[12][13][14][15][16][17][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] on infection and six 10-13,33,34 on antibiotic exposure) in our analysis.…”