Children with moderate acute malnutrition have inflammation not explained by maternal reports of illness and clinical symptoms: a cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso

Cichon, Bernardette; Fabiansen, Christian; Yaméogo, Charles W; Rytter, Maren Johanne Heilskov; Ritz, Christian; Briend, André; Christensen, Vibeke Brix; Michaelsen, Kim F.; Oummani, Rouafi; Filteau, Suzanne; Ashorn, Per; Shepherd, Susan; Friis, Henrik

doi:10.1186/s40795-016-0096-0

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The mean (±SD) MUAC, WHZ, and HAZ were 123 (±4) mm, -2.2 (±0.5), and -1.7 (±1.1), respectively. As previously reported, 21 comorbidities were common ( Table II ) . The 65 (4%) children who were excluded from analyses did not differ from those included with respect to age, proportion of girls, proportion of breastfeeding or prevalence of fever, positive malaria test, diarrhea, cough, or raised levels of CRP or AGP (data not shown).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Correlates of Physical Activity among Young Children with Moderate Acute Malnutrition

Yaméogo

Cichon

Fabiansen

et al. 2017

The Journal of Pediatrics

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ObjectiveTo assess the levels of physical activity among young children with moderate acute malnutrition and to identify clinical, biochemical, anthropometric, and sociodemographic correlates of physical activity.Study designIn a cross-sectional study, 1609 children aged 6-23 months wore a triaxial accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3x+; ActiGraph, Pensacola, Florida) for 6 consecutive days, from which total physical activity were determined. Data on morbidity were collected based by history and physical examination, and serum C-reactive protein and α1-acid glycoprotein were measured.ResultsA total of 1544 (96%) children had physical activity measured, of whom 1498 (97%) completed 6 consecutive days of physical activity recording with a daily median wear time of 24 hours. The mean (±SD) total physical activity was 707 (±180) vector magnitude counts per minute (cpm). Age was negatively correlated with physical activity; compared with children below 12 months of age, those 12-17 months of age, and 18-23 months of age had 51 (95% CI, 26; 75) and 106 (95% CI, 71; 141) cpm lower physical activity, respectively. Fever and malaria were associated with 49 (95% CI, 27; 70) and 44 (95% CI, 27; 61) cpm lower activity, respectively. Elevated serum C-reactive protein and α1-acid glycoprotein were both negative correlates of physical activity, and hemoglobin was a positive correlate.ConclusionsPhysical activity declines with age in children with moderate acute malnutrition and is also inversely related to infection and inflammatory status. Future studies are needed to ascertain cause and effect of these associations.Trial registrationControlled-Trials.com: ISRCTN42569496.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Correlates of Physical Activity among Young Children with Moderate Acute Malnutrition

Yaméogo

Cichon

Fabiansen

et al. 2017

The Journal of Pediatrics

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“…There was very little variation in other socio‐economic characteristics (e.g., 99% lived in a house owned by one of the household members and 99% used coal as cooking fuel). Data on anthropometry, MAM‐defining criteria, body composition, LC‐PUFA, Hb, iron status, and morbidity are presented in Table for information and described in more detail in previous publications (Cichon et al, ; Fabiansen, Yaméogo, Iuel‐Brockdorf, et al, ; Yaméogo et al, ); 27% of children were moderately stunted (HAZ between −2 and −3) and 10% severely stunted (HAZ <−3). Morbidity was very common with 38% recently ill and 40% having a positive malaria test on the day of MDAT assessment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early development in children with moderate acute malnutrition: A cross‐sectional study in Burkina Faso

Olsen

Iuel‐Brockdorff

Yaméogo

et al. 2019

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Malnutrition impairs cognitive, communication, and motor development, but it is not known how nutrition and health are associated with development in children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). We aimed to describe motor and language development of children with MAM and explore its nutrition and health‐related correlates. This cross‐sectional study used baseline data from a nutritional trial in children with MAM aged 6–23 months in Burkina Faso. Motor and language skills were assessed using the Malawi Development Assessment Tool (MDAT). Linear mixed models were used to explore potential correlates of MDAT including socio‐economic status, anthropometry, body composition, whole‐blood polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), haemoglobin (Hb), iron status, and morbidity. We also assessed child and caregiver participation during MDAT procedures and their associations with correlates and development. MDAT data were available for 1.608 children. Mean (95% CI) MDAT z‐scores were −0.39 (−0.45, −0.34) for gross motor, 0.54 (0.48, 0.59) for fine motor, and −0.91 (−0.96, −0.86) for language skills. Children with higher mid‐upper arm circumference, weight‐for‐height, height‐for‐age, fat‐free mass, n‐3 PUFAs, Hb, and iron status had better MDAT z‐scores, whereas children with more fat mass index, anaemia, illness, and inflammation had poorer z‐scores. In addition, children living in larger households or with an unmarried mother had poorer MDAT z‐scores. Associations between morbidity and z‐scores were largely explained by children's poorer participation during MDAT assessment. The identified factors associated with child development may inform interventions needed to stimulate development during or after management of MAM.

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“…and those treating moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). Children with SAM have the highest risks for morbidity and mortality, but children with MAM remain at risk for adverse outcomes including illness and death [1,[12][13][14][15][16]. SAM is currently defined as weight-for-height < −3 standard deviations (z-scores) below the WHO reference median and/or a mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) < 11.5 cm and/or edema; MAM is currently defined as weight-forheight from −3 to <−2 standard deviations (z-scores) below the WHO reference median and/ or a MUAC from 11.5 cm to <12.5 cm.…”

Section: Plos Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

A simplified, combined protocol versus standard treatment for acute malnutrition in children 6–59 months (ComPAS trial): A cluster-randomized controlled non-inferiority trial in Kenya and South Sudan

Bailey

Opondo

Lelijveld³

et al. 2020

PLoS Med

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Background Malnutrition underlies 3 million child deaths worldwide. Current treatments differentiate severe acute malnutrition (SAM) from moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) with different products and programs. This differentiation is complex and costly. The Combined Protocol for Acute Malnutrition Study (ComPAS) assessed the effectiveness of a simplified, unified SAM/MAM protocol for children aged 6-59 months. Eliminating the need for separate products and protocols could improve the impact of programs by treating children more easily and cost-effectively, reaching more children globally. Methods and findings A cluster-randomized non-inferiority trial compared a combined protocol against standard care in Kenya and South Sudan. Randomization was stratified by country. Combined protocol clinics treated children using 2 sachets of ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) per day for those with mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) < 11.5 cm and/or edema, and 1 sachet of RUTF per day for those with MUAC 11.5 to <12.5 cm. Standard care clinics treated SAM with weight-based RUTF rations, and MAM with ready-to-use supplementary food (RUSF). The primary outcome was nutritional recovery. Secondary outcomes included cost-effectiveness, coverage, defaulting, death, length of stay, and average daily weight and MUAC

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Children with moderate acute malnutrition have inflammation not explained by maternal reports of illness and clinical symptoms: a cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso

Cited by 24 publications

References 31 publications

Correlates of Physical Activity among Young Children with Moderate Acute Malnutrition

Correlates of Physical Activity among Young Children with Moderate Acute Malnutrition

Early development in children with moderate acute malnutrition: A cross‐sectional study in Burkina Faso

A simplified, combined protocol versus standard treatment for acute malnutrition in children 6–59 months (ComPAS trial): A cluster-randomized controlled non-inferiority trial in Kenya and South Sudan

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