Chilean Complementary Feeding Program Reduces Anemia and Improves Iron Status in Children Aged 11 to 18 Months

Brito, Alex; Olivares, Manuel; Pizarro, Tito; Rodríguez, Lorena; Hertrampf, Eva

doi:10.1177/156482651303400402

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Most of the studies used cross-sectional design, although one was a retrospective study [13], thirteen were national surveys about health, diet, and lifestyle [14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26], and five more were based on national surveys reports [27,28,29,30,31]. The studies were performed in Guyana [20], Argentina [29,32,33], Bolivia [26], Brazil [18,28,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50], Chile [51,52], Colombia [27], Costa Rica [53,54], Cuba [55,56], Dominican Republic [24,25], Ecuador [16,57], Uruguay [58], Jamaica [59], Dominica [13], El Salvador [23], Guatemala [22], Haiti [17,60], Honduras […”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Anemia in Children from Latin America and the Caribbean and Effectiveness of Nutritional Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta–Analysis

et al. 2019

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Anemia affects 1.62 billion people worldwide. Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) comprise several developing countries where children are a population at risk. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of anemia in this population. Electronic databases, reference lists, and websites of health ministries were searched until December 2018. Stratified analyses were performed using RevMan5.3 to estimate the overall prevalence of anemia in preschool and school-age children. The effectiveness of nutritional interventions was also evaluated. We included 61 studies from the 917 reviewed, which included 128,311 preschool- and 38,028 school-age children from 21 LAC countries. The number of anemic children was 32.93% and 17.49%, respectively, demonstrating a significant difference according to age (p < 0.01). No difference was observed by gender and only school-age children from low/very low socioeconomic status (SES) (25.75%) were more prone to anemia than those from middle SES (7.90%). It was not a concern in the Southern Cone but constituted a serious public health problem in the Latin Caribbean. Nutritional interventions reduced the prevalence from 45% to 25% (p < 0.01). Anemia is still a public health problem for children in LAC countries. National surveys should include school-age children. Further nutritional interventions are required to control anemia.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Anemia in Children from Latin America and the Caribbean and Effectiveness of Nutritional Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta–Analysis

et al. 2019

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“…In Chile, until as late as 1999, about 30% of the children under 2 years of age presented with IDA, often as a result of poor maternal health condition or poor dietary intake. Public health policies of “ fortification” such as availability of formula milk at government health centers, caused prevalence of IDA in infants under 18 months of age to drop to 10% in a period of 10 years (Brito et al, 2013). Although the decreasing incidence is promising, it should be emphasized that iron is an important nutrient for brain development, and the impact of IDA in infancy development, even after iron therapy is of clinical relevance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences on Brain Connectivity in Adulthood Are Present in Subjects with Iron Deficiency Anemia in Infancy

Algarı́n

Karunakaran

Reyes

et al. 2017

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Iron deficiency continues to be the most prevalent micronutrient deficit worldwide. Since iron is involved in several processes including myelination, dopamine neurotransmission and neuronal metabolism, the presence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in infancy relates to long-lasting neurofunctional effects. There is scarce data regarding whether these effects would extend to former iron deficient anemic human adults. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a novel technique to explore patterns of functional connectivity. Default Mode Network (DMN), one of the resting state networks, is deeply involved in memory, social cognition and self-referential processes. The four core regions consistently identified in the DMN are the medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate/retrosplenial cortex and left and right inferior parietal cortex. Therefore to investigate the DMN in former iron deficient anemic adults is a particularly useful approach to elucidate de long term effects on functional brain. We conducted this research to explore the connection between IDA in infancy and altered patterns of resting state brain functional networks in young adults. Resting-state fMRI studies were performed to 31 participants that belong to a follow-up study since infancy. Of them, 14 participants were former iron deficient anemic in infancy and 17 were controls, with mean age of 21.5 years (±1.5) and 54.8% were males. Resting-state fMRI protocol was used and the data was analyzed using the seed based connectivity statistical analysis to assess the DMN. We found that compared to controls, former iron deficient anemic subjects showed posterior DMN decreased connectivity to the left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), whereas they exhibited increased anterior DMN connectivity to the right PCC. Differences between groups were also apparent in the left medial frontal gyrus, with former iron deficient anemic participants having increased connectivity with areas included in DMN and dorsal attention networks. These preliminary results suggest different patterns of functional connectivity between former iron deficient anemic and control young adults. Indeed, IDA in infancy, a common nutritional problem among human infants, may turn out to be important for understanding the mechanisms of cognitive alterations, common in adulthood.

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“…This target population requires specialized food vehicles [1]. In infants and young children, the use of fortified complementary foods has been shown to be more effective compared to supplements [35]. Three large trials in children between 1 month and 4 years of age in Nepal, India and Africa demonstrated that children who received additional iron/folic acid plus zinc in the form of supplements experienced more adverse effects compared to those who received only placebo, raising concerns on potential negative zinc-iron interactions and questioning the safety of this strategy [36,37,38,39].…”

Section: Food Fortification As a Tool For Addressing Micronutrient Dementioning

confidence: 99%

Food Fortification for Addressing Iron Deficiency in Filipino Children: Benefits and Cost-Effectiveness

Detzel

Wieser²

2015

Ann Nutr Metab

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Iron deficiency is one of the most widespread nutritional disorders in both developing and industrialized countries, making it a global public health concern. Anemia, mainly due to iron deficiency, affects one third of the world's population and is concentrated in women and children below 5 years of age. Iron deficiency anemia has a profound impact on human health and productivity, and the effects of iron deficiency are especially pronounced in the first 1,000 days of life. This critical window of time sets the stage for an individual's future physiological and cognitive health, underscoring the importance of addressing iron deficiency in infants and young children. This review focuses on the use of fortified foods as a cost-effective tool for addressing iron deficiency in infants and young children in the Philippines.

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Chilean Complementary Feeding Program Reduces Anemia and Improves Iron Status in Children Aged 11 to 18 Months

Abstract: In Chile, the NCFP has had an impact on the reduction of anemia and improved the iron status of children aged 11 to 18 months. Increasing the consumption of this iron-fortified milk could enhance the impact of the NCFP.

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Prevalence of Anemia in Children from Latin America and the Caribbean and Effectiveness of Nutritional Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta–Analysis

Prevalence of Anemia in Children from Latin America and the Caribbean and Effectiveness of Nutritional Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta–Analysis

Differences on Brain Connectivity in Adulthood Are Present in Subjects with Iron Deficiency Anemia in Infancy

Food Fortification for Addressing Iron Deficiency in Filipino Children: Benefits and Cost-Effectiveness

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