China's natural gas: Resources, production and its impacts

Wang, Jianliang; Feng, Lianyong; Zhao, Lin; Snowden, Simon

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2012.12.034

Cited by 67 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This study further showed that the EROI ide is 20:1, which means that the EROI of CSG can be improved significantly. In addition, over the next 10 years, shale gas cannot be used to close the increasing gap between demand and supply because of the lack of proven resources, the large investments required for exploration and development, and low gas prices (Lin and Wang 2012;Wang et al 2013). Therefore, the Chinese government should provide more support to the development of CSG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy return on investment, energy payback time, and greenhouse gas emissions of coal seam gas (CSG) production in China: a case of the Fanzhuang CSG project

Kong

Dong

et al. 2017

Pet. Sci.

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The studies and development of coal seam gas (CSG) have been conducted for more than 30 years in China, but few of China's CSG projects have achieved large-scale commercial success; faced with the boom of shale gas, some investors are beginning to lose patience and confidence in CSG. China currently faces the following question: Should the government continue to vigorously support the development of the CSG industry? To provide a reference for policy makers and investors, this paper calculates the EROI stnd [a standardized energy return on investment (EROI) method], EROI ide (the maximum theoretical EROI), EROI 3,i (EROI considering the energy investment in transport), and EROI 3,1?e (EROI with environmental inputs) of a single vertical CSG well in the Fanzhuang CSG project in the Qinshui Basin. The energy payback time (EPT) and the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the CSG systems are also calculated. The results show that over a 15-year lifetime, EROI stnd , EROI ide , EROI 3,1 , and EROI 3,1?e are expected to deliver EROIs of approximately 11:1, 20:1, 7:1, and 6:1, respectively. The EPT within different boundaries is no more than 2 years, and the life-cycle GHG emissions are approximately 18.8 million kg CO 2 equivalent. The relatively high EROI and short EPT indicate that the government should take more positive measures to promote the development of the CSG industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy return on investment, energy payback time, and greenhouse gas emissions of coal seam gas (CSG) production in China: a case of the Fanzhuang CSG project

Kong

Dong

et al. 2017

Pet. Sci.

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“…These are the prospective resources, geological resources and proved resources [9]. Prospective resources are undiscovered but are assumed to be technically and economically recovered through geological estimations.…”

Section: Investment Subsystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A System Dynamics Analysis of Investment, Technology and Policy that Affect Natural Gas Exploration and Exploitation in China

et al. 2017

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Natural gas has an increasing role in Chinese energy transformation. We present a system dynamics model of the natural gas industry in China. A new system dynamics model for natural gas companies based on reserve exploration and well construction as well as investment dynamics is proposed. The contribution of the paper is to analyze the influence of technology, investment and policy factors on the natural gas industry. We found that the dynamics of the main variables, including gas policy, cost of investment, accounting depreciation and exploitation technology, are sensitive to the sustainable development of resources. The simulations and results presented here will be helpful for government to reform policies, and for upstream companies to make decisions.

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“…Qiu and Fang [54] have predicted that China's LNG imports from the Middle East, Australia and Indonesia and pipeline gas imports from Turkmenistan and Russia will reach 40 million tons (about 54 bcm) and 60 bcm respectively by 2020. Based on their forecast, total gas imports will reach 114 bcm by 2020 [6].…”

Section: Lng Supplying Modes and Projection In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is stated that intensified efforts will be made in the prospecting and exploitation of both conventional and non-conventional oil and gas resources in the white paper titled "China's Energy Policy 2012", though the availability of domestic gas resources are overestimated by China's authorities [6]. China aims to increase the share of NG in China's total energy consumption to 7%-8% by 2015, according to the specific plan for NG development in China (2011China ( -2015 [5,7].…”

Section: Natural Gas: a Thriving Energy Resource In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle GHG of NG-Based Fuel and Electric Vehicle in China

Zhang

et al. 2013

Energies

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This paper compares the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of natural gas (NG)-based fuels to the GHG emissions of electric vehicles (EVs) powered with NG-to-electricity in China. A life-cycle model is used to account for full fuel cycle and use-phase emissions, as well as vehicle cycle and battery manufacturing. The reduction of life-cycle GHG emissions of EVs charged by electricity generated from NG, without utilizing carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technology can be 36%-47% when compared to gasoline vehicles. The large range change in emissions reduction potential is driven by the different generation technologies that could in the future be used to generate electricity in China. When CCS is employed in power plants, the GHG emission reductions increase to about 71%-73% compared to gasoline vehicles. It is found that compressed NG (CNG) and liquefied NG (LNG) fuels can save about 10% of carbon as compared to gasoline vehicles. However, gas-to-liquid (GTL) fuel made through the Fischer-Tropsch method will likely lead to a life-cycle GHG emissions increase, potentially 3%-15% higher than gasoline, but roughly equal to petroleum-based diesel. When CCS is utilized, the GTL fueled vehicles emit roughly equal GHG emissions to petroleum-based diesel fuel high-efficient hybrid electric vehicle from the life-cycle perspective.

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China's natural gas: Resources, production and its impacts

Cited by 67 publications

References 10 publications

Energy return on investment, energy payback time, and greenhouse gas emissions of coal seam gas (CSG) production in China: a case of the Fanzhuang CSG project

Energy return on investment, energy payback time, and greenhouse gas emissions of coal seam gas (CSG) production in China: a case of the Fanzhuang CSG project

A System Dynamics Analysis of Investment, Technology and Policy that Affect Natural Gas Exploration and Exploitation in China

Life Cycle GHG of NG-Based Fuel and Electric Vehicle in China

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