China’s roadmap to low-carbon electricity and water: Disentangling greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from electricity-water nexus via renewable wind and solar power generation, and carbon capture and storage

Sharifzadeh, Mahdi; Hien, Raymond Khoo Teck; Shah, Nilay

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.10.087

Cited by 70 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Until now, most papers have focused on the generation side, where the technologies can be categorized as: i) CO2 control devices, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) [8], [9], ii) renewable-energy-based technologies (RET) [10], [11], iii) emission-constrained models (ECM) [12], [13], and iv) demand-response (DR) based models [14], [15]. The CCS technology is used to capture CO2 from the power plant depositing it in a place where it is not able to enter the atmosphere.…”

Section: B Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Footprint Management: A Pathway Toward Smart Emission Abatement

Pourakbari‐Kasmaei

Lehtonen

Contreras

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf.

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There is an increasing concern about controlling and reducing carbon emissions in power systems. In this regard, researchers have focused on managing emissions on the generation side, which is the main source of emissions. Considering emission limits on the generation side results in an increase in locational marginal prices that negatively affects social welfare. However, carbon emissions are a by-product of electricity generation that is used to satisfy the demands on the consumer side. Consequently, demand side emission control may not be achieved if only generation is taken into account. In order to fill this existing gap, in this paper, a demand-side management approach aiming at carbon footprint control is proposed. First, the carbon footprint is allocated among the consumers using an improved proportional sharing theorem method. Each consumer learns about their real-time carbon footprint, excess carbon footprint, and the incurred surcharge tax. Then, demands are adjusted via a proper adjustment procedure. This provides enough information for consumers where demand management may result in carbon footprint and demand reductions as well as the exemption of incurred taxes. Profit analysis for both generation and demand sides is carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed framework using two illustrative case studies. The results obtained, compared with existing policies such as carbon cap, cap-and-trade, and carbon tax, prove the fairness and the advantages of the proposed model for both the demand and the generation sides.Index Terms-Carbon footprint allocation, carbon abatement, demand side management, power tracing, tax exemption.

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Section: B Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Footprint Management: A Pathway Toward Smart Emission Abatement

Pourakbari‐Kasmaei

Lehtonen

Contreras

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf.

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“…(2) Water extraction and wastewater technologies Significant energy is required for water extraction from groundwater or surface water via the sequence of pumping, treatment and purification, and delivery of surface water using distributed pipelines for industrial, domestic, and agricultural use (Sharifzadeh et al, 2019). Thus, different sustainable technologies are still advancing for energy efficient water and wastewater treatment, supply, and use/reuse toward different applications, including in household consumption, renewable energy generation, and agricultural crop production (Supplementary Information Table S8).…”

Section: Water Technologies For Few Nexus Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water desalination is especially crucial for regions with water scarcity, such as Middle Eastern countries, and can be coupled with wave/tidal energy and desert farming technologies to formalize unique FEW systems. From the energy use perspective, wastewater treatment, reclamation, and reuse rather than desalination, especially in arid or semi-arid regions, can be more cost-effective for agricultural crop production in various FEW systems (Sharifzadeh et al, 2019). Descriptions of other centralized technologies such as large-scale pump and storage hydro-power system (CT1-PH), large-scale wastewater treatment technologies (CT2-WWT), large-scale municipal incinerator technology (CT3-MIT), and large-scale municipal landfill technology (CT4-MLT) are given in Supplementary Information (S3.1).…”

Section: Centralized Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative technology hubs for urban food-energy-water nexuses and cost-benefit-risk tradeoffs (I): Global trend and technology metrics

Chang

Hossain

Valencia

et al. 2020

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

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The Food-Energy-Water (FEW) nexus for urban sustainability needs to be analyzed via an integrative rather than a sectoral or silo approach, reflecting the ongoing transition from separate infrastructure systems to an integrated social-ecological-infrastructure system. As technology hubs can provide food, energy, water resources via decentralized and/or centralized facilities, there is an acute need to optimize FEW infrastructures by considering cost-benefit-risk tradeoffs with respect to multiple sustainability indicators. This paper identifies, categorizes, and analyzes global trends with respect to contemporary FEW technology metrics that highlights the possible optimal integration of a broad spectrum of technology hubs for possible cost-benefit-risk tradeoffs. The challenges related to multiscale and multiagent modeling processes for the simulation of urban FEW systems were discussed with respect to the aspects of scaling-up, optimization process, and risk assessment. Our review reveals that this field is growing at a rapid pace and the previous selection of analytical methodologies, nexus criteria, and sustainability indicators largely depended on individual FEW nexus conditions disparately, and full-scale cost-benefit-risk tradeoffs were very rare. Therefore, the potential full-scale technology integration in three ongoing cases of urban FEW systems in Miami (the United States), Marseille (France), and Amsterdam (the Netherlands) were demonstrated in due purpose finally.

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“…'Net zero' emissions can be reached by reducing emissions to zero in all sectors, or alternatively by offsetting remaining emissions in some sectors by active removal of CO 2 from the atmosphere (IPCC, 2018). However, carbon dioxide removal (CDR) could lead to major trade-offs with other societal goals or could fail to perform at large scale (Drews et al, 2020;Fuss et al, 2014;Gaede & Meadowcroft, 2016;Hu et al, 2020;Ji et al, 2020;Jin et al, 2019;Larkin et al, 2017;Lilliestam et al, 2012;Sharifzadeh et al, 2019;Vaughan et al, 2018;Yamagata, 2019); hence, extensive inclusion of CDR in future scenarios is contested (Low & Schäfer, 2020;Workman et al, 2020). While technologies to achieve zero CO 2 emissions are available for some parts of the economy, zero CO 2 emissions will be difficult to achieve quickly in a small number of sectors with technological change alone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decarbonising the critical sectors of aviation, shipping, road freight and industry to limit warming to 1.5–2°C

et al. 2020

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Limiting warming to well below 2°C requires rapid and complete decarbonisation of energy systems. We compare economy-wide modelling of 1.5°C and 2°C scenarios with sector-focused analyses of four critical sectors that are difficult to decarbonise: aviation, shipping, road freight transport, and industry. We develop and apply a novel framework to analyse and track mitigation progress in these sectors. We find that emission reductions in the 1.5°C and 2°C scenarios of the IMAGE model come from deep cuts in CO 2 intensities and lower energy intensities, with minimal demand reductions in these sectors' activity. We identify a range of additional measures and policy levers that are not explicitly captured in modelled scenarios but could contribute significant emission reductions. These are demand reduction options, and include less air travel (aviation), reduced transportation of fossil fuels (shipping), more locally produced goods combined with high load factors (road freight), and a shift to a circular economy (industry). We discuss the challenges of reducing demand both for economy-wide modelling and for policy. Based on our sectoral analysis framework, we suggest modelling improvements and policy recommendations, calling on the relevant UN agencies to start tracking mitigation progress through monitoring key elements of the framework (CO 2 intensity, energy efficiency, and demand for sectoral activity, as well as the underlying drivers), as a matter of urgency. Key policy insights:. Four critical sectors (aviation, shipping, road freight, and industry) cannot cut their CO 2 emissions to zero rapidly with technological supply-side options alone. Without large-scale negative emissions, significant demand reductions for those sectors' activities are needed to meet the 1.5-2°C goal.. Policy priorities include affordable alternatives to frequent air travel; smooth connectivity between low-carbon travel modes; speed reductions in shipping and reduced demand for transporting fossil fuels; distributed manufacturing and local storage; and tightening standards for material use and product longevity.. The COVID-19 crisis presents a unique opportunity to enact lasting CO 2 emissions reductions, through switching from frequent air travel to other transport modes and online interactions.. Policies driving significant demand reductions for the critical sectors' activities would reduce reliance on carbon removal technologies that are unavailable at scale.

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China’s roadmap to low-carbon electricity and water: Disentangling greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from electricity-water nexus via renewable wind and solar power generation, and carbon capture and storage

Cited by 70 publications

References 83 publications

Carbon Footprint Management: A Pathway Toward Smart Emission Abatement

Carbon Footprint Management: A Pathway Toward Smart Emission Abatement

Integrative technology hubs for urban food-energy-water nexuses and cost-benefit-risk tradeoffs (I): Global trend and technology metrics

Decarbonising the critical sectors of aviation, shipping, road freight and industry to limit warming to 1.5–2°C

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