Chinchorro fibre management in the Atacama Desert and its significance for understanding Andean textilization processes

Montt, Indira; Valenzuela, Daniela; Cases, Bárbara; Santoro, Calógero M.; Capriles, José M.; Standen, Vivien G.

doi:10.1016/j.jaa.2023.101530

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2023.101530

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Chinchorro fibre management in the Atacama Desert and its significance for understanding Andean textilization processes

Indira Montt

Daniela Valenzuela

Bárbara Cases³

et al.

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2023

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Cited by 2 publications

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“…The use of plant fibers defined an enduring tradition that developed during the Early Preceramic Period, if not before (Alday, 2023). For more than seven millennia, coastal hunter-gatherers used wild plants gathered from estuaries and wetlands, riparian oases, and, perhaps, lomas habitats to produce twined mats, nets, looped bags, skirts, ropes, and cordage (Engel, 1963;Standen, 2003;Martens and Cameron, 2019;Alday, 2022;Santos and Standen, 2022;Montt et al, 2023). Fiber industries likely constituted the necessary socio-economic and ecological contexts for the eventual shift from wild fiber plants to cotton fibers (Gossypium barbadense) as a supply for producing large nets and complex fabrics.…”

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confidence: 99%

The use and context of fiber plants during the middle preceramic: evidence from La Yerba II and III, south coast of Peru

Alday,

García,

Alarcón

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Archaeol.

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Bast fiber artifacts from the Pacific coast of South America are among the earliest evidence of fabric manipulation and the foundation of the millennial Andean textile tradition. Recent examinations of plant macro remains and plant fiber artifacts from La Yerba II (7570–6674 cal BP) and La Yerba III (6485–5893 cal BP) sites provide insight into how plant fabric technologies and pre-loom textile traditions unfolded over the Middle Preceramic (or Middle Archaic; 8000–5000 BP) on the south coast of Peru. Using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we conduct comparative analyses of modern and archaeological plants to assess the taxonomy and morphological distinctions between them to discriminate species. We identify materials from wild-gathered plants in the Cyperaceae, Typhaceae, and Apocynaceae families and show how they were used to make fishing nets, looped bags, mats, and other artifacts. Evidence from tools and cut marks also enabled us to reconstruct parts of the chaîne opératoire of the fiber production. We discuss the significance of plants from wetland and estuarine habitats in the interrelated dimensions of fabric manufacture and food consumption among these coastal hunter-gatherers.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The use and context of fiber plants during the middle preceramic: evidence from La Yerba II and III, south coast of Peru

Alday,

García,

Alarcón

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Archaeol.

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The Textile Hypothesis

Gilligan

2023

Arch

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Beginning in the Levant at the end of the Pleistocene era 11,700 years ago and emerging subsequently in other regions, the advent of farming and food production sustained a massive expansion of human populations, facilitated a host of socioeconomic and technological developments, and transformed much of the world’s land surface. The capacity of farming to support a rapidly growing population may appear to explain why farming first began. However, fundamental questions remain, including whether farming was ever a preferred subsistence option for mobile foragers—and for early farmers. In addition to the failure of farming to appear anywhere in the world prior to the early Holocene, the security and flexibility of hunting and gathering contrasts with the disadvantages associated with relying on farming for food. In querying the prevailing food paradigm, it is argued that fibre production for woven cloth in response to warmer, moister climate regimes in the early Holocene tipped the balance in favour of farming. Contingent on complex clothing acquiring social functions of dress and modesty during the late Pleistocene, and considered in conjunction with the early farming dispersal hypothesis, the textile hypothesis circumvents unfounded presumptions and offers a parsimonious explanatory paradigm for the origins of farming.

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Chinchorro fibre management in the Atacama Desert and its significance for understanding Andean textilization processes

Cited by 2 publications

References 80 publications

The use and context of fiber plants during the middle preceramic: evidence from La Yerba II and III, south coast of Peru

The use and context of fiber plants during the middle preceramic: evidence from La Yerba II and III, south coast of Peru

The Textile Hypothesis

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