Chinese-character crowding—I. Effects of structural similarity

Cheung, Leo Y. T.; Cheung, Sing‐Hang

doi:10.1167/17.11.14

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In addition, what causes the polynomial trendline to be unpredictable in certain patterns of variation in viewing distance? Is it in uenced by the shape of the Chinese characters, as reported in previous research (Cheung & Cheung, 2017), or by the number of strokes? us, the methods used by the current study require modi cation to further assess these issues such as by collecting data on gaze time per character.…”

Section: Comparison Of Eoretical and Observed Valuesmentioning

confidence: 83%

Analysis of Variation in Viewing Distance among Low Vision Individuals under Chinese Free-Viewing Condition

Huang,

Kakizawa

2023

JSER

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Previous studies report that sighted people adjust their viewing distance from one reading material or print size to another under the free-viewing condition. Is this tendency true for individuals with low vision? e study uses a reading material with traditional Chinese characters to investigate changes in the viewing distance of people with low vision under the free-viewing condition. What then is the di erence between theoretical and observed values? e study recruited 60 participants with low vision and randomly used 17 reading charts with print sizes ranging from 0.3 to 1.3 logMAR. e average of change for all character sizes is 2.56±1.43 cm. From the smallest to the largest character sizes, the di erence between the two values then becomes larger. Finally, 99.33% of the data is classi ed under the same cluster. us, viewing distance uctuates over time, and the result of optimal character size in traditional Chinese needs to be adjusted during assessment. Nearly all results demonstrate that viewing distance decreases with the increase in reading time.

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Section: Comparison Of Eoretical and Observed Valuesmentioning

confidence: 83%

Analysis of Variation in Viewing Distance among Low Vision Individuals under Chinese Free-Viewing Condition

Huang,

Kakizawa

2023

JSER

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“…Research has demonstrated that Visual Expertise and Crowding 23 configural information can be important for processing Chinese characters (e.g., Chen et al, 2013;Wong et al, 2012); inversion disrupts configural processing and causes impaired Chinese character recognition (Kao et al, 2010). Consequently, the intact global representations of the upright Chinese characters should induce a larger crowding effect on target face categorization compared to the inverted ones in native Chinese readers (though see Cheung & Cheung, 2017 for data suggesting that target-flanker similarity does not affect crowding strength in all cases). On the contrary, for non-Chinese readers, unfamiliar Chinese characters are meaningless objects when presented either upright or inverted, and thus should cause no difference in crowding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese-reading Expertise Modulates the Crowding Effect of Chinese Characters on Face Categorization

Sun¹,

Balas²

2018

Preprint

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Crowding refers to the inability to recognize an object in peripheral vision when other objects are presented nearby. Studies have shown that crowding can be influenced by both low-level visual features and high-level object representations. In the current study, we tested how visual expertise affects crowding. We had native Chinese and non-Chinese readers perform a gender categorization task, in which they categorized target faces flanked by faces or Chinese characters that were presented upright or inverted. The results showed an effect of target-flanker similarity on crowding, as all participants performed worse when target faces were crowded by face compared to Chinese character flankers. The results also showed that native Chinese readers, but not non-Chinese readers, experienced more crowding when target faces were surrounded by upright compared to inverted face or Chinese character flankers, suggesting that participants’ visual expertise with the flanking stimuli along with their perceptual processing style shaped by cultures play an influential role in modulating the crowding effect. Our results support recent research showing that crowding is susceptible to both low- and high-level visual information.

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“…Previous research suggested visual crowding to be a critical condition that affects reading rates (Pelli et al, 2007). Crowding severely affected the peripheral vision of children and adult readers (Gori and Facoetti, 2015;Strappini et al, 2017) and slowed down reading processing (Cheung and Cheung, 2017). In addition, the crowding effect was particularly strong in dyslexic readers (Martelli et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Cognitive Correlates of Reading Fluency in Chinese School-Aged Children

Bai

Yang

et al. 2020

Front. Psychol.

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Previous studies have showed that reading fluency is strongly associated with cognitive skills, including rapid automatized naming, phonological awareness, orthographical awareness, and so on. However, these studies are largely based on alphabetic languages, and it remains unclear which cognitive factors contribute to the development of reading fluency in logographic Chinese, a language in which the graphic forms map onto morphemes (meaning) rather than phonemes. In Study 1, we tested 179 Chinese children aged 6 to 9 on a set of cognitive tasks as well as for word reading accuracy and sentence reading fluency. The results showed that rapid naming, writing fluency, and phonological awareness significantly predicted reading fluency in both beginning and intermediate readers. In addition, while the contribution of rapid naming and writing fluency increased with grades, the effect of phonological awareness decreased. In Study 2, we examined the role of visual crowding in reading fluency in a subgroup of 86 children and found that visual crowding accounted for the unique variance of individual differences in reading fluency. The findings reflect both universal and language-specific cognitive correlates of reading fluency and provide important implications for potentially effective treatment for individuals suffering from Chinese reading disabilities, particularly in terms of reading fluency.

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Chinese-character crowding—I. Effects of structural similarity

Cited by 8 publications

References 53 publications

Analysis of Variation in Viewing Distance among Low Vision Individuals under Chinese Free-Viewing Condition

Analysis of Variation in Viewing Distance among Low Vision Individuals under Chinese Free-Viewing Condition

Chinese-reading Expertise Modulates the Crowding Effect of Chinese Characters on Face Categorization

Cognitive Correlates of Reading Fluency in Chinese School-Aged Children

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