Chinese Pharmacy Undergraduate Attitudes toward Game-Based Learning in Pharmaceutical Education

Abstract

Crinum asiaticum Linn. flowers commonly known as white lily flowers were explored to find flavonoids, so, thin layer chromatography was performed and some of the flavonoids were identified as flavon (Apigenine ), flavonol (Quercetin), flavan-3-ols (Catechin), isoflavones (Daidzein). flavonol (Fisetin, Myricetin and Kaempferol). The reported flavonoids were known to have sunscreen activity and hence SPF factor of the dried flower extract (aqueous) was incorporated in topical formulation and evaluated in vitro with the help of Optometric Model-290 SPF. Extraction of flowers was done in two steps; maceration in MeOH: Water (9:1) followed by maceration in MeOH: Water (1:1) respectively. The two extracts were combined and methanol was then evaporated with the help of rotary evaporator, the resultant aqueous extract was used for Thin Layer Chromatography and then into topical formulation. In vitro determination of SPF was done with the help of method specified by The Comité de Liaison de la Parfumerie in Europe (COLIPA). The SPF was found to be 1.17 and Boots Star rating as 3, indicating that Crinum asiaticum Linn flower extract (aqueous) can be considered as good candidate for Sunscreen or as an additive in any other sunscreen formulation.

Examination of the Community Pharmacists’ Intention to Pharmacist Partnership Using the Theory of Planned Behavior: A Structural Equation Model

“…It is observed that pharmacy students' and pharmacists' attitudes are commonly used by researchers in several studies about pharmacy practice and education. [63][64][65][66][67] In addition, findings of this study are parallel to the literature about partnership and other types of business collaborations, too. 17,18,45,46 In this regard, both of H 1 and H 2 hypotheses are supported by the literature.…”

Empathy In Chinese Pharmacy Undergraduates: Implication for Integrating Humanities Into Professional Pharmacy Education

“…Based on our calculations, at least 100 participants are needed for a study which would have 90% power (two-tailed test significance level of 0.05) to detect the mean difference of at least 10 points on the JSE-HPS score (with standard deviation of 12 based on external sources). 9,20 Our previous study 21 reported that the overall response rate of survey on the pharmacy undergraduates of our university was 96.6%. Thus, we compensated for an additional dropout rate of 5% due to some students' being unable to participate or uncompleted questionnaires.…”

Application of Multi-element Integrated Teaching in the Human Anatomy and Physiology Course in Pharmacy Majors

“…However, their research field and contents were different. 9 For instance, research into pharmaceutical product synthesis and manufacturing processes is the core focus of pharmaceutical engineering. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) specialty focuses on the underlying theory and techniques of TCM development.…”