Chipless Liquid Sensing Using a Slotted Cylindrical Resonator

Cole, Alex J.; Young, Paul R.

doi:10.1109/jsen.2017.2773023

Cited by 22 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In [11], dual mode, quarter ring microstrip resonators microfluidic sensor with capillary are used. In [12], a sensor that exploits excitation of a resonant mode within a cavity containing a minute sample of a liquid is presented. In [13], an RFID sensor is presented for identification and evaluation of liquid chemical based on the shift in the resonant frequency of an applied UHF RFID chipped tag.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Liquid Sensor Based on Frequency Selective Surfaces

Njogu

Sanz-Izquierdo

Parker

2023

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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A novel, simple and easy-to-fabricate liquid sensor using frequency selective surfaces (FSS) is proposed. The new sensor concept is based on modifying the capacitance between adjacent FSS elements when materials of different electrical characteristics are inserted. The change in capacitance produces a change in resonant frequency. The FSS design consists of a 9 x 9 array of square loops on 0.31λ x 0.31λ square unit cells with trenches between the loops. The trenches are filled with liquids under test (LTU). The structure operates at 4.6 GHz without any liquid. When liquids are inserted in the trenches, the resonance frequency varies in relation to the dielectric constant of the liquid. This is observed by measuring the transmission coefficient (S21).Butan-1-ol, ethanol, methanol, propan-2-ol, and Xylene are used to demonstrate the sensing function. A maximum sensitivity of 8.65 % for Xylene was achieved. Further, very low differences were observed between the measured and expected dielectric constant and loss tangent, thus validating the design. The device is inexpensive, compact, and easy to make and scalable for large area operations in liquid detection for microwave sensing applications. This technique has potential applications in reconfigurable FSS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Liquid Sensor Based on Frequency Selective Surfaces

Njogu

Sanz-Izquierdo

Parker

2023

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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“…All the contact-based methods are unable to meet the requirements for a satisfactory measurement of the liquid level of the liquor. And the contactless sensors include ultrasonic liquid meters [16], radar liquid meters [17], microwave liquid meters [18][19][20], and optical liquid meters [21], of which are easily perturbed by dust, steam, bubbles, and the variations in the dielectric constant of the liquid and the temperature, which leads to large uncertainties in the measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Contactless Liquor Level Detection Method Using Terahertz Time‐Domain Spectroscopy

Yang

Liu

et al. 2021

Journal of Sensors

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In this paper, we proposed the terahertz technique to measure the liquid level of Chinese liquor in sealed pots. We analyzed the transmission process of terahertz pulse in the sealed pots and established a model of the relationship between terahertz pulse interval and liquor level. The measurement results are in good agreement with the theoretical model. The results show that the terahertz technique can realize the high precision measurement of liquor level. The absolute and relative errors are less than ±40 μm and 0.014%, respectively. In addition, we also evaluated the influence of dewdrop on the measurement accuracy. The results show that dewdrop only leads to a deviation of 18 μm. The results prove the value of terahertz technology in the field of liquid level monitoring.

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“…Using chips make multi-node networks possible but a higher received signal strength is required for powering-up the sensor and micro-controller chips. The chipless structures in [23][24][25][26] work based on the shift in the operating frequency. These frameworks are sensitive to the undesirable condition varieties that change the frequency response of system and need an accurate frequency discovery at the receiver.…”

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confidence: 99%

An Unpowered Sensor Node for Real-Time Water Quality Assessment (Humic Acid Detection)

et al. 2018

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A zero-power microwave sensor is reported for the real-time assessment of water quality. The proposed structure is able to transmit sensed data directly to a base-station without additional data processing at the wireless sensor node (WSN) which results in less power consumption. The base-station propagates a single tone signal at the frequency of f0/2. At the sensing node, an antenna absorbs that signal and a passive frequency doubler makes its frequency twice, i.e., f0, which will be used as the carrier signal. Two pairs of open-ended coaxial probes are used as liquid sensors; one inside a known reference sample and the other one inside the water under test. A combination of both sensors’ data will be sent to the base-station. A special six-port structure is used for modulation of sensed data over the carrier. At the base-station, a receiver will demodulate the received signal for extracting the sensed data. As an example, the system has been evaluated at f0 = 2.45 GHz for the detection of Humic-Acid levels as a common contaminant of river waters.

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Chipless Liquid Sensing Using a Slotted Cylindrical Resonator

Abstract: The version in the Kent Academic Repository may differ from the final published version. Users are advised to check http://kar.kent.ac.uk for the status of the paper. Users should always cite the published version of record.

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

A Liquid Sensor Based on Frequency Selective Surfaces

A Liquid Sensor Based on Frequency Selective Surfaces

A Contactless Liquor Level Detection Method Using Terahertz Time‐Domain Spectroscopy

An Unpowered Sensor Node for Real-Time Water Quality Assessment (Humic Acid Detection)

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