Chipless RFID: Bar Code of the Future

Preradovic, Stevan; Karmakar, Nemai Chandra

doi:10.1109/mmm.2010.938571

Cited by 460 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Chipless radiofrequency identification (chipless-RFID) has emerged in the last fifteen years as an alternative to RFID systems with tags equipped with silicon integrated circuits (IC) or chips [1][2][3][4][5][6]. State-of-the-art chipless-RFID systems cannot compete with chipped-RFID in terms of data storage capacity, size, and read distances [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Very Low-Cost 80-Bit Chipless-RFID Tags Inkjet Printed on Ordinary Paper

et al. 2018

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This paper presents a time-domain, chipless-RFID system with 80-bit tags inkjet-printed on ordinary DIN A4 paper. The tags, consisting of a linear chain of resonant elements (with as many resonators as the number of identification bits plus header bits), are read sequentially and by proximity (through near-field coupling). To this end, a transmission line, fed by a harmonic (interrogation) signal tuned to the resonance frequency of the tag resonators (or close to it), is used as a reader. Thus, during reader operation, the tag chain is mechanically shifted over the transmission line so that the coupling between the line and the functional resonant elements of the tag chain is favored. Logic states that '1' and '0' are determined by the functionality and non-functionality (resonator detuning), respectively, of the resonant elements of the chain. Through near-field coupling, the transmission coefficient of the line is modulated and, as a result, the output signal is modulated in amplitude (AM), which is the identification code contained in the envelope function. As long as the tags are inkjet-printed on ordinary DIN A4 paper, the cost is minimal. Moreover, such tags can be easily programmed and erased, so that identical tags can be fabricated on a large scale (and programmed at a later stage), further reducing the cost of manufacture. The reported prototype tags, with 80 bits of information plus four header bits, demonstrate the potential of this approach, which is of particular interest to secure paper applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Very Low-Cost 80-Bit Chipless-RFID Tags Inkjet Printed on Ordinary Paper

et al. 2018

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“…Transmission lines loaded with split ring resonators (SRRs) and with other electrically small resonators [1][2][3][4][5] have been used in numerous microwave applications, including filters [6,7], enhanced bandwidth components [8], multiband components [9][10][11][12], microwave sensors [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and chipless radiofrequency identification (chipless-RFID) tags [31,32], among others. Concerning chipless RFID tags, the interest in this work, transmission lines loaded with multiple resonant elements, each tuned to a different frequency, have been proposed as multi-resonant frequency domain based tags [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning chipless RFID tags, the interest in this work, transmission lines loaded with multiple resonant elements, each tuned to a different frequency, have been proposed as multi-resonant frequency domain based tags [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. In such chipless-RFID systems, the interrogation signal is a multi-frequency sweeping signal covering the spectral bandwidth of the resonant elements, and the ID code is inferred from the dips present in the frequency response (retransmission based tags) [31][32][33][34][35][36][37] or in the radar cross section response (backscattered tags) [38][39][40][41][42][43][44], caused by the resonant elements. Therefore, the presence or absence of dips at predefined frequencies (each one corresponding to a different bit) is associated with the logic state '1' or '0'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High data density and capacity in chipless radiofrequency identification (chipless-RFID) tags based on double-chains of S-shaped split ring resonators (S-SRRs)

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The data density per surface (DPS) is a figure of merit in chipless radiofrequency identification (chipless-RFID) tags. In this paper, it is demonstrated that chipless-RFID tags with high DPS can be implemented by using double-chains of S-shaped split ring resonators (S-SRRs). Tag reading is achieved by near-field coupling between the tag and the reader, a CPW transmission line fed by a harmonic signal tuned to the resonance frequency of the S-SRRs. By transversally displacing the tag over the CPW, the transmission coefficient of the line is modulated by tag motion. This effectively modulates the amplitude of the injected (carrier) signal at the output port of the line, and the identification (ID) code, determined by the presence or absence of S-SRRs at predefined and equidistant positions in the chains, is contained in the envelope function. The DPS is determined by S-SRR dimensions and by the distance between S-SRRs in the chains. However, by using two chains of S-SRRs, the number of bits per unit length that can be accommodated is very high. This chipless-RFID system is of special interest in applications where the reading distance can be sacrificed in favor of data capacity (e.g., security and authentication). Encoding of corporate documents, ballots, exams, etc., by directly printing the proposed tags on the item product to prevent counterfeiting is envisaged.

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“…Previously reported spectral signature encoded printable chipless RFID tags [1] can be classified into two groups: backscattering or RCS based tag and re-transmission based tag.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Coplanar Retransmission Type Chipless Rfid Tag Based on Dual-Band McSRR

Bhuiyan¹,

Karmakar²

2014

PIER C

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Abstract-In this paper, an efficient spectral signature based chipless RFID tag is presented, where 4 N number of words can be coded using only N number of resonators. As data bit encoding element, the proposed tag utilizes a number of modified complementary split ring resonators (MCSRR). A novel resonance detuning mechanism proposed here allows the use of an MCSRR to independently encode two data bits instead of one bit. Compared with two separate rings based CSRR, the proposed MCSRR occupies 56% less area and also reduces the resonance bandwidth requirement by more than 60%. The multiresonator circuit and the UWB antennas are implemented on a thin (0.127 mm) substrate with only single sided metallization. The proposed tag has great prospect to yield an ultra-low cost chipless RFID tag that may replace barcode in the long run.

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Chipless RFID: Bar Code of the Future

Cited by 460 publications

References 44 publications

Very Low-Cost 80-Bit Chipless-RFID Tags Inkjet Printed on Ordinary Paper

Very Low-Cost 80-Bit Chipless-RFID Tags Inkjet Printed on Ordinary Paper

High data density and capacity in chipless radiofrequency identification (chipless-RFID) tags based on double-chains of S-shaped split ring resonators (S-SRRs)

An Efficient Coplanar Retransmission Type Chipless Rfid Tag Based on Dual-Band McSRR

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