Chitin and Chitosan in Drug Delivery

Parhi, Rabinarayan

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-16581-9_6

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 229 publications

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“…In addition to serving as a vehicle for liposomes, the hydrogel could also provide an improved release profile and further increase accumulation of the antimicrobial compound in the wound area [ 27 ]. In this study, chitosan was selected as a hydrogel base due to its bioadhesive and biocompatible properties, which are suitable for pharmaceutical applications [ 28 , 29 ]. Moreover, we aimed to tailor the release of CHX to assure rapid and efficient microbial prevention and eradication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosomes-In-Chitosan Hydrogel for Acute Skin Injuries: Prevention and Infection Control

et al. 2021

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Burns and other skin injuries are growing concerns as well as challenges in an era of antimicrobial resistance. Novel treatment options to improve the prevention and eradication of infectious skin biofilm-producing pathogens, while enhancing wound healing, are urgently needed for the timely treatment of infection-prone injuries. Treatment of acute skin injuries requires tailoring of formulation to assure both proper skin retention and the appropriate release of incorporated antimicrobials. The challenge remains to formulate antimicrobials with low water solubility, which often requires carriers as the primary vehicle, followed by a secondary skin-friendly vehicle. We focused on widely used chlorhexidine formulated in the chitosan-infused nanocarriers, chitosomes, incorporated into chitosan hydrogel for improved treatment of skin injuries. To prove our hypothesis, lipid nanocarriers and chitosan-comprising nanocarriers (≈250 nm) with membrane-active antimicrobial chlorhexidine were optimized and incorporated into chitosan hydrogel. The biological and antibacterial effects of both vesicles and a vesicles-in-hydrogel system were evaluated. The chitosomes-in-chitosan hydrogel formulation demonstrated promising physical properties and were proven safe. Additionally, the chitosan-based systems, both chitosomes and chitosan hydrogel, showed an improved antimicrobial effect against S. aureus and S. epidermidis compared to the formulations without chitosan. The novel formulation could serve as a foundation for infection prevention and bacterial eradication in acute wounds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosomes-In-Chitosan Hydrogel for Acute Skin Injuries: Prevention and Infection Control

et al. 2021

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Section: Chitosan As a Possible Drug Delivery Agentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term “drug delivery systems” (DDS) refers to products that combine an active pharmaceutical agent with a suitable carrier—typically a polymer—and have been used in the pharmaceutical industry to improve the therapeutic potential and bioavailability of drugs [ 1 , 25 ]. By using hydrogels, scaffolds, micro- and nano-particles, and organic or inorganic matrices as carriers of active drug agents, this system delivers drugs in a sustained and controlled manner [ 1 , 10 ]. Among these, hydrogels, due to their chemical stability, are able to protect and maintain the encapsulated drug in extreme environmental conditions, and by dissolving in body fluids, lead to the release of the drug at the desired site and with the required concentration [ 1 ].…”

Section: Chitosan As a Possible Drug Delivery Agentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chitin is a polysaccharide composed of crystallized N-Acetyl D-glucosamine monomers and 1–4 glycosidic bonds [ 1 , 2 ]. This structural polymer is highly abundant in the shells of marine crustaceans, cell walls of various organisms such as fungi, coralline algae, green and brown algae, and bacteria, as well as the exoskeleton of crustaceans, molluscs, and insects ( Figure 1 ) [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chitin and Chitosan: Prospective Biomedical Applications in Drug Delivery, Cancer Treatment, and Wound Healing

2022

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Chitin and its derivative chitosan are highly abundant polymers in nature, appearing in both the shells and exoskeletons of various marine and non-marine species. Since they possess favorable properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and non-immunogenicity, they have gained recent attention due to their enormous potential biomedical applications. The polycationic surface of chitosan enables it to form hydrogenic and ionic bonds with drug molecules, which is one of its most useful properties. Because chitosan is biocompatible, it can therefore be used in drug delivery systems. The development of chitosan-based nanoparticles has also contributed to the significance of chitin as a drug delivery system that can deliver drugs topically. Furthermore, chitin can be used in cancer treatment as a vehicle for delivering cancer drugs to a specific site and has an antiproliferative effect by reducing the viability of cells. Finally, chitosan can be used as a wound dressing in order to promote the faster regeneration of skin epithelial cells and collagen production by fibroblasts. As discussed in this review, chitin and chitosan have diverse applications in the medical field. Recognizing the biomedical applications of these two polymers is essential for future research in tissue engineering and nanobiotechnology.

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“…In addition to NLC, mucoadhesive biopolymers such as chitosan (CHT) and pectin (PCT) are derived from crabs and apple/citric fruits, respectively. They have been widely used as matrices for drug delivery systems (DDS) due to their abundance, versatility, biocompatibility and biodegradability properties [9][10][11] . In general, biopolymer films can be easily prepared by the casting-solvent method.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hybrid nanofilms as topical anesthetics for pain-free procedures in dentistry

Ribeiro

Franz‐Montan

Alcántara

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Topical anesthetics are widely applied in order to relieve the discomfort and anxiety caused by needle insertion and other painful superficial interventions at the oral cavity. So far, there are no commercially available effective topical anesthetic formulations for that purpose, and the most of developments are related to hydrophilic and low mucoadhesive forms. Therefore, we have prepared different hybrid nanofilms composed of biopolymer matrices (chitosan, pectin, and chitosan-pectin) blended with nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) loading the eutectic mixture of 5% lidocaineprilocaine (LDC-PLC), in order to fulfill this gap in the market. These dual systems were processed as hybrid nanofilms by the solvent/casting method, and its mucoadhesive, structural and mechanical properties were detailed. The most appropriate hybrid nanofilm combined the advantages of both pectin (PCT) and NLC components. The resultant material presented sustained LDC-PLC release profile for more than 8 h; permeation across porcine buccal mucosa almost twice higher than control and non-cytotoxicity against 3T3 and HACAT cell lines. Then, the in vivo efficacy of PCT/ NLC formulation was compared to biopolymer film and commercial drug, exhibiting the longestlasting anesthetic effect (> 7 h), assessed by tail flick test in mice. These pectin-based hybrid nanofilms open perspectives for clinical trials and applications beyond Dentistry.

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Chitin and Chitosan in Drug Delivery

Cited by 13 publications

References 229 publications

Chitosomes-In-Chitosan Hydrogel for Acute Skin Injuries: Prevention and Infection Control

Chitosomes-In-Chitosan Hydrogel for Acute Skin Injuries: Prevention and Infection Control

Chitin and Chitosan: Prospective Biomedical Applications in Drug Delivery, Cancer Treatment, and Wound Healing

Hybrid nanofilms as topical anesthetics for pain-free procedures in dentistry

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