Chitin Deacetylation Shells of Portunus pelagicus L. Using Microwave Irradiation

Abstract

Natural polymers such as chitosan are one of the interesting things to study or are widely used as industrial raw materials such as adsorbents, membranes, and edible films. Portunus pelagicus L. is one of the sources of chitosan from nature. The shell of Portunus pelagicus L. in Bangka Island are waste from the untapped food industry. Even though this shell can have high values because there are chitin and chitosan. Good chitosan has a high degree of deacetylation. So the research purpose of this study is to see the effect deacetylation process using a microwave. The microwave used was MARS 6 - Microwave Accelerated Reaction System (CEM) using an EasyPrep Plus vessel. Various in Microwave deacetylation process is the time at 1200 W and 100°C. The method for analyzing the structure and degree of deacetylation (DD) in this study uses Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results showed that deacetylation using conventional methods for 120 minutes at a temperature 100°C had DD 76.67% while deacetylation using microwave for 40 minutes at a temperature of 100°C had a DD 77.89%. Microwave deacetylation is three times faster than conventional methods.

Optimization of Chitosan Synthesis Process Parameters to Enhance PES/Chitosan Membrane Performance for the Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD)

“…[ 36 ] evaluated the microwave deacetylation of chitin, the highest DD of 82.8% was obtained at 40% of NaOH solution for 12 min, working with 650 W. Compared to the current study, the deacetylation time is significantly reduced. Although the energy requirement in microwave deacetylation appears significantly higher, it outweighs the longer deacetylation time in chemical deacetylation [ 37 ]. Nevertheless, at an industrial scale, microwave chitin deacetylation becomes a challenging process, and further research is needed for process optimization and assessment of its economic viability [ 36 ].…”

Fabrication of Polystyrene Sulfonate-Chitosan (PSS-Chitosan) Membrane as Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (DBS) Adsorbent in Laundry Wastewater

“…This equation uses the IR spectra as a reference for calculations by considering the absorbance of the amide group (A1655) and the primary amine group (A3450). In addition, the Domszy and Robert equations use a perfect absorbance value of 1.33 in their calculations [27,28].…”

The physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave heating

“…The principle of MW heating is by producing an electromagnetic field that causes vibration within the molecules of a material (Abeykoon, Kelly, Brown, & Coates, 2016), and it offers increased reaction rates and shorter reaction times; therefore, a higher DD can be obtained in a shorter time by using the rapid heating rate. Previous researchers improved the extraction rate of chitosan by setting a certain MW power to obtain rapid heating, reducing the extraction time from hours to minutes (Alishahi et al, 2011; Mahardika, Jumnahdi, & Widyaningrum, 2019), but whether electromagnetic heating will affect the quality of chitosan, except for the difference in the heating rate, has not been studied.…”