Chitin is a component of the Rhodnius prolixus midgut

Alvarenga, Evelyn S.L.; Mansur, Juliana F.; Justi, Silvia Andrade; Figueira-Mansur, Janaina; Santos, Vivian M. dos; Lopez, Sheila G.; Masuda, Hatisaburo; Lara, Flávio Alves; Melo, Ana C.A.; Moreira, Mônica F.

doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2015.04.003

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…affecting chitin, proteins or both. Recently, research efforts have also focused on the RNA interference approach to impair PM and insect performance …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, research efforts have also focused on the RNA interference approach to impair PM and insect performance. 9,10,23,24 Chitin plays an important role in the structure and function of the PM, offering the scaffold for additional components (i.e. proteins and glycans), and acting as a physical support for digestive and detoxifying enzymes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Trichoderma viride chitinases on the peritrophic matrix of Lepidoptera

Berini

Caccia

Franzetti

et al. 2015

Pest Management Science

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“…affecting chitin, proteins or both. Recently, research efforts have also focused on the RNA interference approach to impair PM and insect performance …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Trichoderma viride chitinases on the peritrophic matrix of Lepidoptera

Berini

Caccia

Franzetti

et al. 2015

Pest Management Science

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“…Hemipteran and thysanopteran midguts lack PMs and are instead lined with perimicrovillar membranes (PMM) (34,35); these structures have been reported to contain lipoproteins, glycoproteins, and carbohydrates (36,37). More recently, a study reported the presence and importance of chitin in the PMM of Rhodnius prolixus (kissing bug) midguts, marking the first hemipteran midgut described to contain chitin (38). Since all three cuticular TIPs were highly expressed in the midgut and SGs of larval F. occidentalis in the present study, we hypothesize that chitin or chitin-like structures may impregnate the thrips PMM and SG linings, forming a matrix with endoCPs; however, this remains to be empirically determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of Novel Thrips Vector Proteins That Bind to the Viral Attachment Protein of the Plant Bunyavirus Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus

Badillo-Vargas¹,

Chen

Martin

et al. 2019

J Virol

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The plant-pathogenic virus tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) encodes a structural glycoprotein (GN) that, like with other bunyavirus/vector interactions, serves a role in viral attachment and possibly in entry into arthropod vector host cells. It is well documented that Frankliniella occidentalis is one of nine competent thrips vectors of TSWV transmission to plant hosts. However, the insect molecules that interact with viral proteins, such as GN, during infection and dissemination in thrips vector tissues are unknown. The goals of this project were to identify TSWV-interacting proteins (TIPs) that interact directly with TSWV GN and to localize the expression of these proteins in relation to virus in thrips tissues of principal importance along the route of dissemination. We report here the identification of six TIPs from first-instar larvae (L1), the most acquisition-efficient developmental stage of the thrips vector. Sequence analyses of these TIPs revealed homology to proteins associated with the infection cycle of other vector-borne viruses. Immunolocalization of the TIPs in L1 revealed robust expression in the midgut and salivary glands of F. occidentalis, the tissues most important during virus infection, replication, and plant inoculation. The TIPs and GN interactions were validated using protein-protein interaction assays. Two of the thrips proteins, endocuticle structural glycoprotein and cyclophilin, were found to be consistent interactors with GN. These newly discovered thrips protein-GN interactions are important for a better understanding of the transmission mechanism of persistent propagative plant viruses by their vectors, as well as for developing new strategies of insect pest management and virus resistance in plants. IMPORTANCE Thrips-transmitted viruses cause devastating losses to numerous food crops worldwide. For negative-sense RNA viruses that infect plants, the arthropod serves as a host as well by supporting virus replication in specific tissues and organs of the vector. The goal of this work was to identify thrips proteins that bind directly to the viral attachment protein and thus may play a role in the infection cycle in the insect. Using the model plant bunyavirus tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), and the most efficient thrips vector, we identified and validated six TSWV-interacting proteins from Frankliniella occidentalis first-instar larvae. Two proteins, an endocuticle structural glycoprotein and cyclophilin, were able to interact directly with the TSWV attachment protein, GN, in insect cells. The TSWV GN-interacting proteins provide new targets for disrupting the viral disease cycle in the arthropod vector and could be putative determinants of vector competence.

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“…In silico sequence analysis of the three cuticular TIPs (CP-V, endoCP-V, endoCP-G N ) revealed conserved CHB4 domains (R&R) suggesting their binding affinity to chitin (heteropolymer of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine and glucosamine), also a major component of cuticles and peritrophic membranes (PM) lining the midgut epithelium of most insects (32). Hemipteran and thysanopteran midguts lack PMs, and are instead lined with perimicrovillar membranes (PMM) (33, 34) - these structures have been reported to contain lipoproteins, glycoproteins and carbohydrates (35, 36) and more recently, one study documented the occurrence and importance of chitin in the PMM of Rhodnius prolixus (kissing bug) midguts, marking the first hemipteran midgut reported to contain chitin (37). Since all three cuticular TIPs were highly expressed in the midgut and SGs of larval F. occidentalis in the present study, we hypothesize that chitin or chitin-like structures may impregnate the thrips PMM and SG-linings, forming a matrix with endoCPs - however, this remains to be empirically determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of novel thrips vector proteins that bind to the viral attachment protein of the plant bunyavirus, tomato spotted wilt virus

Badillo-Vargas¹,

Chen

Martin

et al. 2018

Preprint

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16The plant-pathogenic virus, tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), encodes a structural 17 glycoprotein (G N ) that, like with other bunyavirus/vector interactions, serves a role in viral 18 attachment and possibly entry into arthropod vector host cells. It is well documented that 19Frankliniella occidentalis is one of seven competent thrips vectors of TSWV transmission to 20 plant hosts, however, the insect molecules that interact with viral proteins, such as G N , during 21 infection and dissemination in thrips vector tissues are unknown. The goals of this project 22 Importance Statement 37 Thrips-transmitted viruses cause devastating losses to numerous food crops worldwide. For 38 negative-sense RNA viruses that infect plants, the arthropod serves as a host as well by 39 supporting virus replication in specific tissues and organs of the vector. The goal of this work 40 was to identify vector/host proteins that bind directly to the viral attachment protein and thus 41 may play a role in the infection cycle in the insect. Using the model plant bunyavirus, tomato 42 spotted wilt virus (TSWV), and the most efficient thrips vector, we identified and validated 43 six TSWV-interacting proteins from Frankliniella occidentalis first instar larvae. Two 44 proteins, an endocuticle structural glycoprotein and cyclophilin, were able to interact directly 45 with the TSWV attachment protein, G N, in insect cells. The TSWV G N -interacting proteins 46 3 provide new targets for disrupting the virus-vector interaction and could be putative 47 determinants of vector competence. 48 49Vector-borne diseases caused by animal-and plant-infecting viruses are some of the 50 most important medical, veterinary, and agricultural problems worldwide (1, 2). The majority 51 of viruses infecting plants and animals are transmitted by arthropods. Understanding the viral 52 and arthropod determinants of vector competence is important for basic knowledge of virus-53 vector interactions and development of new interdiction strategies to control disease. 54Significant progress has been made towards identification of viral determinants of 55 transmission, but the interacting molecules in vectors remain largely elusive. For negative-56 sense RNA viruses, vector factors that mediate the transmission process have not been well 57 characterized. 58Bunyavirales is the largest order of negative-sense RNA viruses; twelve families are 59 described (http://www.ictvonline.org/virustaxonomy.asp). The Bunyavirales contains plant 60 and insect vector-infecting viruses that make up the Family Tospoviridae (3-5). Within this 61 family, there are eighteen species and several unassigned viruses that most likely will be 62 classified as unequivocal members of the Orthotospovirus genus. Tomato spotted wilt 63 orthotospovirus is the type species within this genus and has been best characterized in terms 64 of viral host range, genome organization and protein functions (6, 7). 65 Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) infects both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous 66 plants enc...

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Chitin is a component of the Rhodnius prolixus midgut

Cited by 27 publications

References 52 publications

Effects of Trichoderma viride chitinases on the peritrophic matrix of Lepidoptera

Effects of Trichoderma viride chitinases on the peritrophic matrix of Lepidoptera

Discovery of Novel Thrips Vector Proteins That Bind to the Viral Attachment Protein of the Plant Bunyavirus Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus

Discovery of novel thrips vector proteins that bind to the viral attachment protein of the plant bunyavirus, tomato spotted wilt virus

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