Chitooligosaccharides decreases plasma lipid levels in healthy men

Choi, Cheongrak; Kim, Min Jung; Kim, Yon-Suk; Je, Jae‐Young; An, Sang-Hyun; Lee, Jae Dong; Wang, Joon Ho; Ki, Seung Seog; Jeon, Byong-Tae; Moon, Sang-Ho; Park, Pyo-Jam

doi:10.3109/09637486.2011.602051

Cited by 49 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Annual production potential of chitin in India from shrimp is 3560 tonnes [7]. Chitosan and its oligomers are known for its various biological properties such as antioxidant [8], anti-inflammatory [9], cholesterol lowering [10], immunity enhancing [11], antitumor [12], neuroprotective [13], antimicrobial [14], and antifungal [15] which makes chitosan and its oligomers very useful polysaccharide for animal health. Chitosan is insoluble in water, basic pH solutions and organic solvents which is a major limitation of chitosan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of chitosan and its oligomers from shrimp shell waste, their characterization and antimicrobial effect

Varun¹,

Senani²,

Jayapal³

et al. 2017

Vet World

135

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Aim:The present study was performed to utilize the shrimp shell waste for chitin and chitosan production, characterization by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) technique and to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of chitosan oligomers produced by depolymerization of chitosan by nitrous acid.Materials and Methods:Chitosan was extracted from the shrimp shell waste by the chemical method and characterized by FT-IR. Chitooligomers were produced by depolymerising chitosan using nitrous acid, and the chitooligomers were tested for antimicrobial effect against four gut pathogenic organisms, i.e., Enterobacter aerogen (National Collection of Dairy Culture [NCDC] 106), Enterococcus faecalis (NCDC 119), Escherichia coli (NCDC 134), and Staphylococcus aureus (NCDC 109) by well diffusion method using Muller-Hinton agar. A pure culture of pathogenic organisms was collected from NCDC, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal.Results:Extracted chitosan characterized by FT-IR and chitooligomers demonstrated antimicrobial effect against four gut pathogenic organisms used in this study. Zone of inhibitions (mm) were observed in E. faecalis (13±0.20), E. coli (11.5±0.4), S. aureus (10.7±0.2), and E. aerogen (10.7±0.3). E. faecalis showed larger inhibition zone as compared to all other organisms and inhibitions zones of E. aerogen and S. aureus were comparable to each other.Conclusion:Shrimp waste can be utilized for chitosan production, and the chitooligomers can be used as feed additive for gut health enhancement and have potential to replace antibiotics from the feed. Along with value addition pollutant load could be reduced by waste utilization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of chitosan and its oligomers from shrimp shell waste, their characterization and antimicrobial effect

Varun¹,

Senani²,

Jayapal³

et al. 2017

Vet World

135

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“…In addition, COS exerts protective effects against infections and enhances antitumor activity (18). COS has also been shown to reduce plasma lipid levels in healthy men and TG levels in obese diabetic mice (19)(20)(21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of cardiovascular disease is suppressed by dietary supplementation with protamine and chitooligosaccharide in Sprague-Dawley rats

Kang

Lee²,

et al. 2012

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Protamine from salmon spermaries is a novel dietary protein. Chitooligosaccharide (COS) is an oligosaccharide derived from chitin or chitosan, a long-chain polymer, by chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis. These two compounds are known to enhance lipid metabolism by interrupting the digestion and absorption of fat in the body. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) refers to any type of specific disease that affects the heart and circulatory system. Dyslipidemia, a condition involving high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, is generally known to be a primary cause of CVD development. The risk of CVD is usually associated with the atherogenic index (AI) and cardiac risk factor (CRF). The CVD risk is also closely associated with serum levels of total cholesterol (T-CHO), LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. In the present study, we evaluated alterations in serum lipid contents following the administration of protamine, COS and mixtures of these two compounds to male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, and their ability to reduce CVD risk. Based on the results of a serum lipid assay, protamine, COS and their mixtures were found to significantly reduce AI, CRF and CVD risk by decreasing serum levels of TG, T-CHO and LDL cholesterol and increasing serum HDL cholesterol levels. By contrast, TG and T-CHO concentrations in feces were markedly increased. Accumulation of lipids in the liver tissues of the SD rats fed high-fat diets was also inhibited by the intake of protamine and COS. Our findings suggest that protamine, COS and combinations of the two compounds may be used as a dietary therapy for preventing CVD due to their suppressive effects on hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia.

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“…COS is an oligosaccharide obtained from polysaccharides, chitin or chitosan, by chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis and has been recently evaluated as an effective dietary supplement for lowering cholesterol level in healthy men and animals [11,13]. In this study, we provide the mixtures of protamine and COS, two prominent candidates related with lipid metabolism, as a novel dietary therapy for overweight and obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially, COS has also been shown to reduce the triglyceride level in obese diabetic mice [11,12]. and COS was evaluated as an effective dietary supplement for lowering cholesterol level in healthy men [13]. Therefore, COS has recently attracted highly attention as a new biomedical.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of lipid metabolism by mixtures of protamine and chitooligosaccharide through pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity in a rat model

Kang

Lee²,

et al. 2012

Lab Anim Res

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Overweight and obesity are usually related with high fat and calorie intake, and seriously causative of lifestyle-related diseases such as cardiovascular disorders, arteriosclerosis, and colon cancer. In this study, we propose a novel dietary therapy against overweight and obesity using mixtures of protamine and chitooligosaccharide (COS), which are known to interrupt the lipid metabolism in the body. Protamine is a dietary protein originated from salmon reproductive organ, and COS is an oligosaccharide made from chitin or chitosan by chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis. In the enzyme activity analysis in vitro, protamine and COS strongly suppressed the activity of pancreatic lipase, which is the primary enzyme for the digestion and absorption of lipids in the intestine. In in vivo animal test, the mixtures of protamine and COS significantly reduced the serum levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-CHO), and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDLC) and inhibited the accumulation of lipids in liver tissue of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats fed high fat diets. On the other hand, they increased fecal TG and T-CHO contents. From these alterations in lipid metabolism, we verified that protamine and COS mixtures could effectively interrupt the digestion and absorption of dietary lipids in the body by inhibiting pancreatic lipase activity. In addition, protamine and COS mixtures increased the serum level of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLC), responsible for removing cholesterol from cells and protecting atherosclerosis, and therefore decreased the potential risks of cardiovascular diseases by lowering values of the atherogenic index (AI) and cardiac risk factor (CRF). Taken together, we suggest protamine and COS mixtures as a prominent dietary therapy for the prevention of overweight, obesity, and further cardiovascular diseases related with hyperlipidemia.

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Chitooligosaccharides decreases plasma lipid levels in healthy men

Cited by 49 publications

References 26 publications

Extraction of chitosan and its oligomers from shrimp shell waste, their characterization and antimicrobial effect

Extraction of chitosan and its oligomers from shrimp shell waste, their characterization and antimicrobial effect

Risk of cardiovascular disease is suppressed by dietary supplementation with protamine and chitooligosaccharide in Sprague-Dawley rats

Modulation of lipid metabolism by mixtures of protamine and chitooligosaccharide through pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity in a rat model

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